Scheduling Algorithms for Multiprogramming in a Hard-Real-Time Environment
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
A framework for dynamic energy efficiency and temperature management
Proceedings of the 33rd annual ACM/IEEE international symposium on Microarchitecture
Digital Control of Dynamic Systems
Digital Control of Dynamic Systems
L2-Gain and Passivity in Nonlinear Control
L2-Gain and Passivity in Nonlinear Control
Predictive dynamic thermal management for multimedia applications
ICS '03 Proceedings of the 17th annual international conference on Supercomputing
Dynamic Thermal Management for High-Performance Microprocessors
HPCA '01 Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on High-Performance Computer Architecture
HPCA '02 Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on High-Performance Computer Architecture
Runtime Power Monitoring in High-End Processors: Methodology and Empirical Data
Proceedings of the 36th annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture
Compact thermal modeling for temperature-aware design
Proceedings of the 41st annual Design Automation Conference
MiBench: A free, commercially representative embedded benchmark suite
WWC '01 Proceedings of the Workload Characterization, 2001. WWC-4. 2001 IEEE International Workshop
Techniques for Multicore Thermal Management: Classification and New Exploration
Proceedings of the 33rd annual international symposium on Computer Architecture
Mercury and freon: temperature emulation and management for server systems
Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Thermal vs Energy Optimization for DVFS-Enabled Processors in Embedded Systems
ISQED '07 Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design
On the Minimization fo the Instantaneous Temperature for Periodic Real-Time Tasks
RTAS '07 Proceedings of the 13th IEEE Real Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium
Throughput of multi-core processors under thermal constraints
ISLPED '07 Proceedings of the 2007 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Reactive speed control in temperature-constrained real-time systems
Real-Time Systems
Temperature-aware scheduling and assignment for hard real-time applications on MPSoCs
Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe
A control theory approach for thermal balancing of MPSoC
Proceedings of the 2009 Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference
Thermal-Aware Global Real-Time Scheduling on Multicore Systems
RTAS '09 Proceedings of the 2009 15th IEEE Symposium on Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications
Proactive Speed Scheduling for Real-Time Tasks under Thermal Constraints
RTAS '09 Proceedings of the 2009 15th IEEE Symposium on Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications
Temperature-constrained power control for chip multiprocessors with online model estimation
Proceedings of the 36th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Leakage Aware Feasibility Analysis for Temperature-Constrained Hard Real-Time Periodic Tasks
ECRTS '09 Proceedings of the 2009 21st Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems
Dynamic Thermal and Timeliness Guarantees for Distributed Real-Time Embedded Systems
RTCSA '09 Proceedings of the 2009 15th IEEE International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications
Processor speed control with thermal constraints
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems Part I: Regular Papers
Predictive Temperature-Aware DVFS
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Feedback Thermal Control for Real-time Systems
RTAS '10 Proceedings of the 2010 16th IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium
Feedback Control of Cyber-physical Systems with Multi Resource Dependencies and Model Uncertainties
RTSS '10 Proceedings of the 2010 31st IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium
Temperature and supply Voltage aware performance and power modeling at microarchitecture level
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
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Embedded real-time systems face significant challenges in thermal management. While earlier research on feedback thermal control has shown promise in dealing with the uncertainty in thermal characteristics, multicore processors introduce new challenges that cannot be handled by previous solutions designed for single-core processors. Multicore processors require the temperature and real-time performance of multiple cores be controlled simultaneously, leading to multi-input-multi-output control problems with inter-core thermal coupling. Furthermore, current Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) mechanisms only support a finite set of states, leading to discrete control variables that cannot be handled by standard linear control techniques. This paper presents Real-Time Multicore Thermal Control (RT-MTC), a novel feedback thermal control framework pecifically designed for multicore real-time systems. RT-MTC dynamically enforces both the desired temperature set point and the schedulable CPU utilization bound of a multicore processor through DVFS. RT-MTC employs a rigorously designed, efficient controller that can achieve effective thermal control with the small number of frequencies commonly supported by current processors. The robustness and advantages of RT-MTC over existing thermal control approaches are demonstrated through both experiments on an Intel Core 2 Duo processor and simulations under a wide range of uncertainties in power consumption.