Findings from observational studies of collaborative work
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies - Computer-supported cooperative work and groupware. Part 1
The CAVE: audio visual experience automatic virtual environment
Communications of the ACM
Proceedings of the 24th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
The virtual round table - a collaborative augmented multi-user environment
Proceedings of the third international conference on Collaborative virtual environments
Coordination of communication: effects of shared visual context on collaborative work
CSCW '00 Proceedings of the 2000 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Interactive stereoscopic display for three or more users
Proceedings of the 28th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Relationships among speech, vision, and action in collaborative physical tasks
CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
WETICE '00 Proceedings of the 9th IEEE International Workshops on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises
An affordable optical head tracking system for desktop VR/AR systems
EGVE '03 Proceedings of the workshop on Virtual environments 2003
Designing and Building the PIT: a Head-Tracked Stereo Workspace for Two Users
Designing and Building the PIT: a Head-Tracked Stereo Workspace for Two Users
Importance of Communication Influences on a Highly Collaborative Task
DS-RT '03 Proceedings of the Seventh IEEE International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real-Time Applications
Territoriality in collaborative tabletop workspaces
CSCW '04 Proceedings of the 2004 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
A Collaborative Augmented Reality System Using Transparent Display
ISMSE '04 Proceedings of the IEEE Sixth International Symposium on Multimedia Software Engineering
ICMCS '99 Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems - Volume 02
Towards massively multi-user augmented reality on handheld devices
PERVASIVE'05 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Pervasive Computing
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Collaborative virtual and augmented reality are an active area of research and many systems supporting collaboration have been presented. Just like there are many different systems for VR and AR, there are many different types of collaboration. In some cases, virtual reality is used to enhance an existing collaborative process. In other cases, it enables new types of collaboration that previously were not possible (e.g. distributed VR). Other systems support tasks that can be performed either individually as well as collaboratively. While these tasks may allow to be performed collaboratively, little has been said on what the benefit is in doing so. We present a user study of a collaborative construction task in a shared physical workspace virtual reality environment under various degrees of interaction in collaboration. Our results show that, for this type of task, a pair of subjects concurrently interacting can be significantly more effective, even though individual user performance decreases. Our results further show that there is no significant benefit in giving only verbal and non-verbal assistance over a single user performing the task.