Thermal monitoring on FPGAs using ring-oscillators
FPL '97 Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Field-Programmable Logic and Applications
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FDTC '08 Proceedings of the 2008 5th Workshop on Fault Diagnosis and Tolerance in Cryptography
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BLISS '09 Proceedings of the 2009 Symposium on Bio-inspired Learning and Intelligent Systems for Security
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FCCM '10 Proceedings of the 2010 18th IEEE Annual International Symposium on Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines
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Proceedings of the 19th ACM/SIGDA international symposium on Field programmable gate arrays
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ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems (TRETS)
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Proceedings of the ACM/SIGDA international symposium on Field Programmable Gate Arrays
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CT-RSA'12 Proceedings of the 12th conference on Topics in Cryptology
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Voltage noise not only detracts from reliability and performance, but has been used to attack system security. Most systems are completely unaware of fluctuations occurring on nanosecond time scales. This paper quantifies the threat to FPGA-based systems and presents a solution approach. Novel measurements of transients on 28nm FPGAs show that extreme activity in the fabric can cause enormous undershoot and overshoot, more than 10× larger than what is allowed by the specification. An existing voltage sensor is evaluated and shown to be insufficient. Lastly, a sensor design using reconfigurable logic is presented; its time-to-digital converter enables sample rates 500× faster than the 28nm Xilinx ADC. This enables quick characterization of transients that would normally go undetected, thereby providing potentially useful data for system optimization and helping to defend against supply voltage attacks.