Globally-asynchronous locally-synchronous systems (performance, reliability, digital)
Globally-asynchronous locally-synchronous systems (performance, reliability, digital)
Theoretical and Experimental Behavior of Synchronizers Operating in the Metastable Region
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Measured Flip-Flop Responses to Marginal Triggering
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Design of Asynchronous Circuits Assuming Unbounded Gate Delays
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Anomalous Response Times of Input Synchronizers
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Four State Asynchronous Architectures
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Noise Modeling Effects in Redundant Synchronizers
IEEE Transactions on Computers
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Modular Asynchronous Arbiter Insensitive to Metastability
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Metastability in Asynchronous Wait-Free Protocols
IEEE Transactions on Computers
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Numerous papers have discussed the behavior of flip-flops in synchrronization and arbitration circuits. Here, a nonconventional machine, which avoids completely synchronization failures by using metastability detectors in conjunction with a stretchable clock, is evaluated. The core of the paper focuses on the quantitative evaluation of the performance and reliability of this unconventional kind of machine. Only synchronization and arbitration failures are considered here, so when these machines are compared to conventional ones, all other factors affecting reliability and performance (e.g., technology, fabrication, etc.) are kept invariant. The MTBF's and a new normalized throughput measure show they can run substantially faster and more reliably than functionally equivalent, conventional machines with fixed clocks. Integrrated circuit implementations have been built and successfully tested.