Computer organization & design: the hardware/software interface
Computer organization & design: the hardware/software interface
GTW: a time warp system for shared memory multiprocessors
WSC '94 Proceedings of the 26th conference on Winter simulation
The threshold of event simultaneity
Proceedings of the eleventh workshop on Parallel and distributed simulation
Timestamp representations for virtual sequences
Proceedings of the eleventh workshop on Parallel and distributed simulation
The dark side of risk (what your mother never told you about Time Warp)
Proceedings of the eleventh workshop on Parallel and distributed simulation
On event ordering in parallel discrete event simulation
PADS '99 Proceedings of the thirteenth workshop on Parallel and distributed simulation
Exploiting temporal uncertainty in parallel and distributed simulations
PADS '99 Proceedings of the thirteenth workshop on Parallel and distributed simulation
CSIM: a C-based process-oriented simulation language
WSC '86 Proceedings of the 18th conference on Winter simulation
Time, clocks, and the ordering of events in a distributed system
Communications of the ACM
The Designer's Guide to VHDL
Computing in Science and Engineering
Time-stamp generation for optimistic parallel computing
SS '95 Proceedings of the 28th Annual Simulation Symposium
Lock-free scheduling of logical processes in parallel simulation
Proceedings of the fifteenth workshop on Parallel and distributed simulation
A discrete event method for wave simulation
ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation (TOMACS)
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This paper visits issues that recur in consideration of simulation time-stamps, in the context of building very large simulation models from components developed by different groups, at different times. A key problem here is “safety”, loosely defined to mean that unintended model behavior does not occur due to unpredictable behavior of timestamp generation and comparisons. We revisit the problems of timestamp format and simultaneity, and then turn to the new problem of timestamp inter-operability. We describe how a C++ simulation kernel can support the concurrent evaluation of submodels that internally use heterogeneous timestamps, and evaluate the execution time costs of doing so. We find that use of a safe timestamp format that explicitly allows different time-scales costs less than 10% over a stock 64-bit integer format, whereas support for completely heterogeneous timestamps can costs as much as 50% in execution speed.