Knowledge-based tutoring: the GUIDON program
Knowledge-based tutoring: the GUIDON program
Artificial intelligence: a modern approach
Artificial intelligence: a modern approach
Procedural help in Andes: generating hints using a Bayesian network student model
AAAI '98/IAAI '98 Proceedings of the fifteenth national/tenth conference on Artificial intelligence/Innovative applications of artificial intelligence
Proceedings of the third annual conference on Autonomous Agents
Incorporating tutorial strategies into an intelligent assistant
Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Interaction tactics for socially intelligent pedagogical agents
Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Tutoring Diagnostic Problem Solving
ITS '00 Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems
The lumière project: Bayesian user modeling for inferring the goals and needs of software users
UAI'98 Proceedings of the Fourteenth conference on Uncertainty in artificial intelligence
Interaction tactics for socially intelligent pedagogical agents
Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
An Empirical Study of the Effect of Agent Competence on User Performance and Perception
AAMAS '04 Proceedings of the Third International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems - Volume 1
An intelligent speech interface for personal assistants applied to knowledge management
Web Intelligence and Agent Systems
The effects of speech-gesture cooperation in animated agents' behavior in multimedia presentations
Interacting with Computers
"How do you know that I don't understand?" A look at the future of intelligent tutoring systems
Computers in Human Behavior
Benefits of Virtual Characters in Computer Based Learning Environments: Claims and Evidence
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education
Using Agents for Enhancing Learning Effects in an Advanced Discussion Forum
Proceedings of the 2006 conference on Learning by Effective Utilization of Technologies: Facilitating Intercultural Understanding
What Students Expect May Have More Impact Than What They Know or Feel
Proceedings of the 2009 conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Building Learning Systems that Care: From Knowledge Representation to Affective Modelling
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Animated pedagogical agents offer promise as a means of making computer-aided learning more engaging and effective. To achieve this, an agent must be able to interact with the learner in a manner that appears believable, and that furthers the pedagogical goals of the learning environment. In this paper we describe how the user interaction model of one pedagogical agent evolved through an iterative process of design and user testing. The pedagogical agent Adele assists students as they assess and diagnose medical and dental patients in clinical settings. We describe the results of, and our responses to, three studies of Adele, involving over two hundred and fifty medical and dental students over five years, that have led to an improved tutoring strategy, and discuss the interaction possibilities of two different reasoning engines. With the benefit of hindsight, the paper articulates the principles that govern effective user-agent interaction in educational contexts, and describes how the agents interaction design in its current form embodies those principles