Rijndael FPGA Implementations Utilising Look-Up Tables

  • Authors:
  • Máire McLoone;John V. McCanny

  • Affiliations:
  • DSiPTM Laboratories, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland;DSiPTM Laboratories, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland

  • Venue:
  • Journal of VLSI Signal Processing Systems
  • Year:
  • 2003

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Abstract

This paper presents single-chip FPGA Rijndael algorithm implementations of the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm, Rijndael. In particular, the designs utilise look-up tables to implement the entire Rijndael Round function. A comparison is provided between these designs and similar existing implementations. Hardware implementations of encryption algorithms prove much faster than equivalent software implementations and since there is a need to perform encryption on data in real time, speed is very important. In particular, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are well suited to encryption implementations due to their flexibility and an architecture, which can be exploited to accommodate typical encryption transformations. In this paper, a Look-Up Table (LUT) methodology is introduced where complex and slow operations are replaced by simple LUTs. A LUT-based fully pipelined Rijndael implementation is described which has a pre-placement performance of 12 Gbits/sec, which is a factor 1.2 times faster than an alternative design in which look-up tables are utilised to implement only one of the Round function transformations, and 6 times faster than other previous single-chip implementations. Iterative Rijndael implementations based on the Look-Up-Table design approach are also discussed and prove faster than typical iterative implementations.