Card, English, and Burr (1978): 25 years later

Authors:
I. Scott MacKenzie;R. William Soukoreff
Affiliations:
York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada and University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland;York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Venue:
CHI '03 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Year:
2003

Citing 1
Cited 13

Extending Fitts' law to two-dimensional tasks

CHI '92 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Characterizing computer input with Fitts' law parameters: the information and non-information aspects of pointing

International Journal of Human-Computer Studies - Special issue: Fitts law 50 years later: Applications and contributions from human-computer interaction
Effective Prototyping for Software Makers

Effective Prototyping for Software Makers
Direct-touch vs. mouse input for tabletop displays

Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Evaluating swiftpoint as a mobile device for direct manipulation input

AUIC '07 Proceedings of the eight Australasian conference on User interface - Volume 64
A comparison of area pointing and goal crossing for people with and without motor impairments

Proceedings of the 9th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
An error model for pointing based on Fitts' law

Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Goal Crossing with Mice and Trackballs for People with Motor Impairments: Performance, Submovements, and Design Directions

ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing (TACCESS)
The performance of hand postures in front- and back-of-device interaction for mobile computing

International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Information theoretic models of HCI: a comparison of the Hick-Hyman law and Fitts' law

Human-Computer Interaction
Analysis of pointing tasks on a white board

DSVIS'06 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Interactive systems: Design, specification, and verification
Design and comparative evaluation of Smoothed Pointing: A velocity-oriented remote pointing enhancement technique

International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Taming wild behavior: the input observer for obtaining text entry and mouse pointing measures from everyday computer use

Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A new test of throughput invariance in Fitts' law: role of the intercept and of Jensen's inequality

BCS-HCI '12 Proceedings of the 26th Annual BCS Interaction Specialist Group Conference on People and Computers

Quantified Score

Hi-index	0.00

Visualization

Abstract

We revisit the Fitts? law model published 25 years ago by Card, English, and Burr. Their research was important because it was the first comparative evaluation of the mouse, and also the first use of Fitts? law in HCI. For the mouse, they reported MT = 1.03 + 0.096 ID, with throughput reported as the slope reciprocal: TP = 1 / 0.96 = 10.3 bps. We re-analyse their data in view of ISO9241-9, the new standard for evaluating pointing devices. The reanalysis yields a throughput of 2.65 bps, or 4.32 bps including a nominal adjustment for the time for the hand to adjust its grip on the mouse. These values are closer to recently published ISO-conforming values for the mouse.