Detecting Faces in Images: A Survey
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
View-Invariant Representation and Recognition of Actions
International Journal of Computer Vision
Statistical color models with application to skin detection
International Journal of Computer Vision
Pattern Recognition Letters
ISWC '99 Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE International Symposium on Wearable Computers
Invariance in motion analysis of videos
MULTIMEDIA '03 Proceedings of the eleventh ACM international conference on Multimedia
Understanding human behavior from motion imagery
Machine Vision and Applications - Special issue: Human modeling, analysis, and synthesis
Face tracking for expressions simulations
CompSysTech '03 Proceedings of the 4th international conference conference on Computer systems and technologies: e-Learning
Face tracking in color video sequences
SCCG '03 Proceedings of the 19th spring conference on Computer graphics
Skin Color-Based Video Segmentation under Time-Varying Illumination
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Recursive neural networks learn to localize faces
Pattern Recognition Letters - Special issue: Artificial neural networks in pattern recognition
Pixel-based skin color detection technique
Machine Graphics & Vision International Journal
Integrating multiple levels of zoom to enable activity analysis
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Tracking hand and finger movements for behaviour analysis
Pattern Recognition Letters
Tracking hand and finger movements for behaviour analysis
Pattern Recognition Letters - Special issue on vision for crime detection and prevention
Finger identification and hand posture recognition for human-robot interaction
Image and Vision Computing
Turning a page on the digital annotation of physical books
Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Tangible and embedded interaction
Robust Color-Based Skin Detection for an Interactive Robot
AI*IA '07 Proceedings of the 10th Congress of the Italian Association for Artificial Intelligence on AI*IA 2007: Artificial Intelligence and Human-Oriented Computing
Proceedings of the 2008 ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Track and cut: simultaneous tracking and segmentation of multiple objects with graph cuts
Journal on Image and Video Processing - Video Tracking in Complex Scenes for Surveillance Applications
Robust hand tracking using a simple color classification technique
VRCAI '08 Proceedings of The 7th ACM SIGGRAPH International Conference on Virtual-Reality Continuum and Its Applications in Industry
Detection and segmentation of moving objects in complex scenes
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Hand gesture recognition using a neural network shape fitting technique
Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
A robust fuzzy logic based approach for skin detection in colored images
ASC '07 Proceedings of The Eleventh IASTED International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing
Review of existing algorithms for face detection and recognition
CIMMACS'09 Proceedings of the 8th WSEAS International Conference on Computational intelligence, man-machine systems and cybernetics
Detecting skin in face recognition systems: A colour spaces study
Digital Signal Processing
Contour extraction of facial feature components using template based snake algorithm
ICCSA'07 Proceedings of the 2007 international conference on Computational science and its applications - Volume Part I
Proceedings of the international conference on Multimedia
Integrating and employing multiple levels of zoom for activity recognition
CVPR'04 Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
Skin detection using neighborhood information
FGR' 04 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE international conference on Automatic face and gesture recognition
An improved algorithm for face recognition using wavelet and facial parameters
Proceedings of the First International Conference on Intelligent Interactive Technologies and Multimedia
Gesture recognition using quadratic curves
ACCV'06 Proceedings of the 7th Asian conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part I
Emotion analysis in man-machine interaction systems
MLMI'04 Proceedings of the First international conference on Machine Learning for Multimodal Interaction
Face-off: automatic alteration of facial features
Multimedia Tools and Applications
Simulation of face/hairstyle swapping in photographs with skin texture synthesis
Multimedia Tools and Applications
Time-efficient architecture for face detection from images using support vector machine
Proceedings of the 51st ACM Southeast Conference
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This paper describes the techniques used to separate the hand from a cluttered background in a gesture recognition system. Target colors are identified using a histogram-like structure called a Color Predicate, which is trained in real-time using a novel algorithm. Running on standard PC hardware, the segmentation is of sufficient speed and quality to support an interactive user interface. The method has shown its flexibility in a range of different office environments, segmenting users with many different skin-tones. Variations have been applied to other problems including finding face candidates in video sequences.