ISLPED '98 Proceedings of the 1998 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Models and algorithms for bounds on leakage in CMOS circuits
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
Leakage and leakage sensitivity computation for combinational circuits
Proceedings of the 2003 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Microarchitecture level power and thermal simulation considering temperature dependent leakage model
Proceedings of the 2003 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Leakage current estimation of CMOS circuit with stack effect
Journal of Computer Science and Technology - Special issue on computer graphics and computer-aided design
Defocus-aware leakage estimation and control
ISLPED '05 Proceedings of the 2005 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Measuring the gap between FPGAs and ASICs
Proceedings of the 2006 ACM/SIGDA 14th international symposium on Field programmable gate arrays
Vector extraction for average total power estimation
Proceedings of the 2005 Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference
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Subthreshold leakage current is becoming an increasingly significant portion of the power dissipation in microprocessors due to technology and voltage scaling. Techniques to estimate leakage at the full chip level are indispensable for power budget allocation. In addition, simple and practical approaches and rules of thumb are needed to allow leakage to become part of the vocabulary of all designers. This paper focuses on the impact of circuit topology on leakage, which is often abstracted through what is referred to as the stacking factor. The stacking factor, which captures the leakage reduction in series connected devices, is a first order term in leakage estimation equations and has significant impact on estimation results. The authors present two analysis methods, a mathematical and an empirical, to identify the stacking factor for leakage prediction. Understanding the stacking factor, as well as obtaining an accurate estimate of its value, is critical in reducing prediction uncertainty. As leakage prediction becomes a bigger factor in roadmap decisions, reducing leakage prediction uncertainty will be key in accurate determination of product specifications.