Meticulously Detailed Eye Region Model and Its Application to Analysis of Facial Images
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A facial expression recognition system based on supervised locally linear embedding
Pattern Recognition Letters
Real-time Stereo Face Recognition by Fusing Appearance and Depth Fisherfaces
Journal of VLSI Signal Processing Systems
Simultaneous Facial Action Tracking and Expression Recognition in the Presence of Head Motion
International Journal of Computer Vision
Pose-Invariant Facial Expression Recognition Using Variable-Intensity Templates
International Journal of Computer Vision
Real-time facial expression recognition using STAAM and layered GDA classifier
Image and Vision Computing
New Human Face Expression Tracking
MIRAGE '09 Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Computer Vision/Computer Graphics CollaborationTechniques
Applying Affect Recognition in Serious Games: The PlayMancer Project
MIG '09 Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Motion in Games
Face tracking and recognition from stereo sequence
AVBPA'03 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Audio- and video-based biometric person authentication
Pose-invariant facial expression recognition using variable-intensity templates
ACCV'07 Proceedings of the 8th Asian conference on Computer vision - Volume Part I
Feature-adaptive motion energy analysis for facial expression recognition
ISVC'07 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Advances in visual computing - Volume Part I
Incremental perspective motion model for rigid and non-rigid motion separation
PSIVT'07 Proceedings of the 2nd Pacific Rim conference on Advances in image and video technology
3D head tracking based on recognition and interpolation using a time-of-flight depth sensor
CVPR'04 Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
Analysis of landmarks in recognition of face expressions
Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis
Ambient Intelligence in Everyday Life
Recognition of 3D facial expression dynamics
Image and Vision Computing
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Facial expression recognition is necessary for designing any realistic human-machine interfaces. Previous published facial expression recognition systems achieve good recognition rates, but most of them perform well only when the user faces the camera and does not change his 3D head pose. In this study, we propose a new method for robust, view-independent recognition of facial expressions that does not make this assumption. The system uses a novel 3D model-based tracker to extract simultaneously and ro-bustly the pose and shape of the face at every frame of a monocular video sequence. There are two main contributions of this paper. First, we demonstrate that the 3D information extracted through 3D tracking enables robust facial expression recognition in spite of large rotational and translational head movements (up to 90 degrees in head rotation). Second, we show that Support Vector Machine is a suitable engine for robust classification. Recognition rates as high as 91 percent are achieved at classifying 5 distinct dynamic facial motions (neutral, opening/closing mouth, smile, raising eyebrow).