Layered construction for deformable animated characters
SIGGRAPH '89 Proceedings of the 16th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Feature extraction from faces using deformable templates
International Journal of Computer Vision
Realistic modeling for facial animation
SIGGRAPH '95 Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Synthesizing realistic facial expressions from photographs
Proceedings of the 25th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
A morphable model for the synthesis of 3D faces
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Regularized Bundle-Adjustment to Model Heads from Image Sequences without Calibration Data
International Journal of Computer Vision
The Visual Hull Concept for Silhouette-Based Image Understanding
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Feature Point Based Mesh Deformation Applied to MPEG-4 Facial Animation
DEFORM '00/AVATARS '00 Proceedings of the IFIP TC5/WG5.10 DEFORM'2000 Workshop and AVATARS'2000 Workshop on Deformable Avatars
MPEG-4 Compatible Faces from Orthogonal Photos
CA '99 Proceedings of the Computer Animation
A parametric model for human faces.
A parametric model for human faces.
3-D Modeling from Images
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
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In this paper, a survey is given of the approaches, methods, and algorithms used for creating personalized three-dimensional models of human's head from photographs or video. All stages of the model construction are considered in detail. These stages include image marking, camera registering, geometrical model adaptation, texture formation, and modeling of additional elements, such as eyes and hair. Some technologies of the animation of the models obtained, including that based on the MPEG-4 standard, are analyzed, and examples of the applications that use these technologies are given. In conclusion, some prospects of the developments in this field of the computer graphics are discussed.