An investigation of geographic mapping techniques for internet hosts
Proceedings of the 2001 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Geographic Properties of Internet Routing
ATEC '02 Proceedings of the General Track of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
Proceedings of the 2003 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Virtual landmarks for the internet
Proceedings of the 3rd ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement
Vivaldi: a decentralized network coordinate system
Proceedings of the 2004 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Improving the accuracy of measurement-based geographic location of internet hosts
Computer Networks and ISDN Systems
Geographic locality of IP prefixes
IMC '05 Proceedings of the 5th ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet Measurement
Internet routing policies and round-trip-times
PAM'05 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Passive and Active Network Measurement
Towards IP geolocation using delay and topology measurements
Proceedings of the 6th ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement
Characterizing residential broadband networks
Proceedings of the 7th ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement
How much anonymity does network latency leak?
Proceedings of the 14th ACM conference on Computer and communications security
Network discovery from passive measurements
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2008 conference on Data communication
SS'08 Proceedings of the 17th conference on Security symposium
Geolocalization of proxied services and its application to fast-flux hidden servers
Proceedings of the 9th ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement conference
How much anonymity does network latency leak?
ACM Transactions on Information and System Security (TISSEC)
Investigating the imprecision of IP block-based geolocation
PAM'07 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Passive and active network measurement
Identity trail: covert surveillance using DNS
PET'07 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Privacy enhancing technologies
Assessing the geographic resolution of exhaustive tabulation for geolocating internet hosts
PAM'08 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Passive and active network measurement
NSDI'10 Proceedings of the 7th USENIX conference on Networked systems design and implementation
GeoWeight: internet host geolocation based on a probability model for latency measurements
ACSC '10 Proceedings of the Thirty-Third Australasian Conferenc on Computer Science - Volume 102
A learning-based approach for IP geolocation
PAM'10 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Passive and active measurement
Dude, where’s that IP?: circumventing measurement-based IP geolocation
USENIX Security'10 Proceedings of the 19th USENIX conference on Security
IP geolocation databases: unreliable?
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Towards street-level client-independent IP geolocation
Proceedings of the 8th USENIX conference on Networked systems design and implementation
Cellular data network infrastructure characterization and implication on mobile content placement
Proceedings of the ACM SIGMETRICS joint international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
IP geolocation in metropolitan areas
Proceedings of the ACM SIGMETRICS joint international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Cellular data network infrastructure characterization and implication on mobile content placement
ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review - Performance evaluation review
IP geolocation in metropolitan areas
ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review - Performance evaluation review
Network measurement based modeling and optimization for IP geolocation
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Leveraging buffering delay estimation for geolocation of internet hosts
NETWORKING'06 Proceedings of the 5th international IFIP-TC6 conference on Networking Technologies, Services, and Protocols; Performance of Computer and Communication Networks; Mobile and Wireless Communications Systems
A structural approach for PoP geo-location
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
A position paper on data sovereignty: the importance of geolocating data in the cloud
HotCloud'11 Proceedings of the 3rd USENIX conference on Hot topics in cloud computing
On the spatial properties of internet routes
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Posit: a lightweight approach for IP geolocation
ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review
Towards geolocation of millions of IP addresses
Proceedings of the 2012 ACM conference on Internet measurement conference
Geolocation of data in the cloud
Proceedings of the third ACM conference on Data and application security and privacy
Mapping the expansion of Google's serving infrastructure
Proceedings of the 2013 conference on Internet measurement conference
From an IP address to a street address: using wireless signals to locate a target
WOOT'13 Proceedings of the 7th USENIX conference on Offensive Technologies
DataTraffic Monitoring and Analysis
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Geolocation of Internet hosts enables a new class of location-aware applications. Previous measurement-based approaches use reference hosts, called landmarks, with a well-known geographic location to provide the location estimation of a target host. This leads to a discrete space of answers, limiting the number of possible location estimates to the number of adopted landmarks. In contrast, we propose Constraint-Based Geolocation (CBG), which infers the geographic location of Internet hosts using multilateration with distance constraints to establish a continuous space of answers instead of a discrete one. However, to use multilateration in the Internet, the geographic distances from the landmarks to the target host have to be estimated based on delay measurements between these hosts. This is a challenging problem because the relationship between network delay and geographic distance in the Internet is perturbed by many factors, including queueing delays and the absence of great-circle paths between hosts. CBG accurately transforms delay measurements to geographic distance constraints, and then uses multilateration to infer the geolocation of the target host. Our experimental results show that CBG outperforms previous geolocation techniques. Moreover, in contrast to previous approaches, our method is able to assign a confidence region to each given location estimate. This allows a location-aware application to assess whether the location estimate is sufficiently accurate for its needs.