Virtual reality tele-conferencing: implementation and experience

  • Authors:
  • Chris Greenhalgh;Steve Benford

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Computer Science, The University of Nottingham, UK;Department of Computer Science, The University of Nottingham, UK

  • Venue:
  • ECSCW'95 Proceedings of the fourth conference on European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work
  • Year:
  • 1995

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Abstract

This paper describes the implementation of and early experiences with a virtual reality teleconferencing system called MASSIVE. This system includes a full realisation of the spatial model of interaction and its concepts of aura, awareness, focus, nimbus and adapters as was presented at ECSCW'93. This model supports users in interacting over ad-hoc combinations of audio, graphical and textual media through both 3-D and 2-D interfaces. Observations arising from the use of MASSIVE to support laboratory meetings are discussed; these include the need to support richer peripheral awareness, the need to improve the sensitivity of navigation, problems with lack of engagement between users, the need to support varying degrees of presence and problems arising from different perceptions of space between 2-D and 3-D users. Possible solutions to these problems are proposed.