Scheduling Algorithms for Multiprogramming in a Hard-Real-Time Environment
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
Hard real-time scheduling for low-energy using stochastic data and DVS processors
ISLPED '01 Proceedings of the 2001 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Real-time dynamic voltage scaling for low-power embedded operating systems
SOSP '01 Proceedings of the eighteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Power optimization of real-time embedded systems on variable speed processors
Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design
Intra-Task Voltage Scheduling for Low-Energy, Hard Real-Time Applications
IEEE Design & Test
Performance Comparison of Dynamic Voltage Scaling Algorithms for Hard Real-Time Systems
RTAS '02 Proceedings of the Eighth IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS'02)
Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe
Voltage-Clock-Scaling Adaptive Scheduling Techniques for Low Power in Hard Real-Time Systems
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Real Time Dynamic Voltage Scaling For Embedded Systems
VLSID '04 Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on VLSI Design
Power-Aware Scheduling for Periodic Real-Time Tasks
IEEE Transactions on Computers
PACE: A New Approach to Dynamic Voltage Scaling
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Application-Driven Low-Power Techniques Using Dynamic Voltage Scaling
RTCSA '06 Proceedings of the 12th IEEE International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications
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In this paper, we propose a deferred-workload-based inter-task DVS (dynamic voltage scaling) algorithm (dwDVS), which has two features, for portable multimedia devices. The first is that we reserve a time interval for each task to execute and its workload can be completed in this time interval even in the worst-case condition, which means that the actual workload (execution time) of each task is equal to its worst-case execution time. In this way, we can estimate the slack time from lower priority tasks more aggressively. The second is that we defer these reserved time intervals, which means that a reserved time interval will be shifted to the deadline of its corresponding task as close as possible. Thus, the operating frequency can be reduced even without slack time. Simulation results show that the proposed dwDVS reduces the energy consumption by 40-70%, 10-20%, and 3-10% compared with the static voltage scaling (Static), laEDF, and DRA algorithms, respectively, and approaches theoretical low bound (Bound) by a margin of at most 12%.