NBTI-aware flip-flop characterization and design

  • Authors:
  • Hamed Abrishami;Safar Hatami;Behnam Amelifard;Massoud Pedram

  • Affiliations:
  • University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA;University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA;University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA;University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

  • Venue:
  • Proceedings of the 18th ACM Great Lakes symposium on VLSI
  • Year:
  • 2008

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Abstract

With the scaling down of the CMOS technologies, Negative Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI) has become a major concern due to its impact on PMOS transistor aging process and the corresponding reduction in the long-term reliability of CMOS circuits. This paper investigates the effect of NBTI phenomenon on the setup and hold times of flip-flops. First, it is shown that NBTI tightens the setup and hold timing constraints imposed on the flip-flops in the design. Second, different types of flip-flops exhibit different levels of susceptibility to NBTI-induced change in their setup/hold time values. Finally, an NBTI-aware transistor sizing technique can minimize the NBTI effect on timing characteristics of the flip-flops.