Free-form deformation of solid geometric models
SIGGRAPH '86 Proceedings of the 13th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Layered construction for deformable animated characters
SIGGRAPH '89 Proceedings of the 16th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Extended free-form deformation: a sculpturing tool for 3D geometric modeling
SIGGRAPH '90 Proceedings of the 17th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Direct manipulation of free-form deformations
SIGGRAPH '92 Proceedings of the 19th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Image metamorphosis using snakes and free-form deformations
SIGGRAPH '95 Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Free-form deformations with lattices of arbitrary topology
SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Fast volume-preserving free form deformation using multi-level optimization
Proceedings of the fifth ACM symposium on Solid modeling and applications
Observer dependent deformations in illustration
NPAR '00 Proceedings of the 1st international symposium on Non-photorealistic animation and rendering
Image Metamorphosis with Scattered Feature Constraints
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Dynamic Free-Form Deformations for Animation Synthesis
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Animating with the "Multidimensional deformation tool"
Proceedings of the Eurographic workshop on Computer animation and simulation
Accurate B-spline free-form deformation of polygonal objects
Journal of Graphics Tools
AniGraph-a data structure for computer animation
CA '95 Proceedings of the Computer Animation
Interactive spline-driven deformation for free-form surface styling
Proceedings of the 2006 ACM symposium on Solid and physical modeling
Advances in Engineering Software
A survey of spatial deformation from a user-centered perspective
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Deformation-Based Animation of Snake Locomotion
ISVC '08 Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Advances in Visual Computing
Real-time deformable models for surgery simulation: a survey
Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
Non-uniform deformation of an STL model satisfying error criteria
Computer-Aided Design
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Current research efforts focus on providing interactive techniques that make 3D concepts easy to use and accessible to large numbers of people. In this paper, a new interactive technique for animating deformable objects is presented. The technique allows easy specification and control of a class of deformations that cannot be produced by existing techniques without considerable human intervention.The methodology proposed relies on the Free-Form Deformation (FFD) technique. It makes use of a deformation tool that is animated like any other object.This approach provides a representation of the deformations independent of the surface geometry, and can be easily integrated into traditional hierarchical animation systems.