The virtual cinematographer: a paradigm for automatic real-time camera control and directing
SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Realtime constraint-based cinematography for complex interactive 3D worlds
AAAI '98/IAAI '98 Proceedings of the fifteenth national/tenth conference on Artificial intelligence/Innovative applications of artificial intelligence
Virtual 3D camera composition from frame constraints
MULTIMEDIA '00 Proceedings of the eighth ACM international conference on Multimedia
Robot Motion Planning
Where Am I? What Am I Looking At?
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Interactive navigation in complex environments using path planning
I3D '03 Proceedings of the 2003 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Virtual camera planning: a survey
SG'05 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Smart Graphics
Camera Planning in Virtual Environments Using the Corridor Map Method
MIG '09 Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Motion in Games
A real-time cinematography system for interactive 3D environments
Proceedings of the 2010 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
Following a large unpredictable group of targets among obstacles
MIG'10 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Motion in games
Intelligent camera control using behavior trees
MIG'11 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Motion in Games
DirectorNotation: Artistic and technological system for professional film directing
Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage (JOCCH)
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In this work, we have developed a real-time camera control module for navigation in virtual environments. With this module, the tracking motion of a third-person camera can be generated automatically to allow a user to focus on the control of an avatar. The core of this module consists of a motion planner that uses the probabilistic roadmap method and a lazy update strategy to generate the motion of the camera, possibly with necessary intercuts. A dynamic roadmap specified relative to the avatar is updated in real time within a time budget to account for occlusions in every frame of the control loop. In addition, the planner also allows a user to specify preferences on how the tracking motion is generated. We will use several examples to demonstrate the effectiveness of this real-time camera planning system.