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IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Designing for usability: key principles and what designers think
Communications of the ACM
Beyond the chalkboard: computer support for collaboration and problem solving in meetings
Communications of the ACM
The representation and use of focus in a system for understanding dialogs
Readings in natural language processing
Semistructured messages are surprisingly useful for computer-supported coordination
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
Project Nick: meetings augmentation and analysis
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
Plans and situated actions: the problem of human-machine communication
Plans and situated actions: the problem of human-machine communication
Interactive human communication (Reprint)
Computer-supported cooperative work: a book of readings
Object lens: a “spreadsheet” for cooperative work
CSCW '88 Proceedings of the 1988 ACM conference on Computer-supported cooperative work
CSCW '88 Proceedings of the 1988 ACM conference on Computer-supported cooperative work
CSCW '88 Proceedings of the 1988 ACM conference on Computer-supported cooperative work
Collaborative document production using quilt
CSCW '88 Proceedings of the 1988 ACM conference on Computer-supported cooperative work
A use of drawing surfaces in different collaborative settings
CSCW '88 Proceedings of the 1988 ACM conference on Computer-supported cooperative work
CSCW '88 Proceedings of the 1988 ACM conference on Computer-supported cooperative work
Structured rapid prototyping: an evolutionary approach to software development
Structured rapid prototyping: an evolutionary approach to software development
Collaboration in KMS, a shared hypermedia system
CHI '89 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Conversational resources for situated action
CHI '89 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Using video to prototype user interfaces
ACM SIGCHI Bulletin
Using video-based observation to shape the design of a new technology
ACM SIGCHI Bulletin
Human aspects of interactive multimedia communication
Interacting with Computers
Distributed multiparty desktop conferencing system: MERMAID
CSCW '90 Proceedings of the 1990 ACM conference on Computer-supported cooperative work
Issues in the design of computer support for co-authoring and commenting
CSCW '90 Proceedings of the 1990 ACM conference on Computer-supported cooperative work
Findings from observational studies of collaborative work
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies - Computer-supported cooperative work and groupware. Part 1
Structure and support in cooperative Environments: the Amsterdam Conversation environment
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies - Computer-supported cooperative work and groupware. part 2
Design for conversation: lessons from Cognoter
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies - Computer-supported cooperative work and groupware. Part 1
Disembodied conduct: communication through video in a multi-media office environment
CHI '91 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
An experimental study of common ground in text-based communication
CHI '91 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Managing a trois: a study of a multi-user drawing tool in distributed design work
CHI '91 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
VideoWhiteboard: video shadows to support remote collaboration
CHI '91 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Co-ordinating activity: an analysis of interaction in computer-supported co-operative work
CHI '91 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A cost-effective evaluation method for use by designers
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies
EuroPARC's integrated interactive intermedia facility (IIIF): early experiences
Proceedings of the IFIP WG 8.4 confernece on Multi-user interfaces and applications
Elaborating communication channels in conferencer
Proceedings of the IFIP WG 8.4 confernece on Multi-user interfaces and applications
A multi-user document review tool
Proceedings of the IFIP WG 8.4 confernece on Multi-user interfaces and applications
Communication and Concurrency
Understanding Computers and Cognition: A New Foundation for Design
Understanding Computers and Cognition: A New Foundation for Design
Cognoter: theory and practice of a colab-orative tool
CSCW '86 Proceedings of the 1986 ACM conference on Computer-supported cooperative work
WYSIWIS revised: early experiences with multi-user interfaces
CSCW '86 Proceedings of the 1986 ACM conference on Computer-supported cooperative work
ECSCW'91 Proceedings of the second conference on European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work
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This article is concerned with an analysis of the requirements for text-based on-line conferencing. From a system perspective, text-based on-line conferencing can be viewed as either message passing or data sharing. These complementary views give rise to different design dimensions. For example, the message-passing view is concerned with granularity, channels, message labels, and so on. The data-sharing view is concerned with the access different individuals have to the text: read only, appending, editing, pointing, and so on. A deliberately sparse prototype was built and placed in this design space. This minimal prototype has limited functionality so that the real problems experienced by users can show through. Relevant literature from disciplines such as social psychology, conversational analysis, and linguistics is briefly reviewed in terms of three generic communication tasks: synchronizing communication, maintaining structural coherence, and maintaining referents. An empirical analysis of subjects' use of the sparse prototype was analyzed to establish the relevance of the generic communication tasks to text-based on-line conferencing. Possible forms that support for these tasks might take are discussed.