A Radix-4 Modular Multiplication Hardware Algorithm for Modular Exponentiation

  • Authors:
  • Naofumi Takagi

  • Affiliations:
  • -

  • Venue:
  • IEEE Transactions on Computers - Special issue on computer arithmetic
  • Year:
  • 1992

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Abstract

A fast radix-4 modular multiplication hardware algorithm is proposed. It is efficient for modular exponentiation with a large modulus, used in public-key cryptosystems such as the RSA cryptosystem. The operands and the result of multiplication which are intermediate results in modular exponentiation are represented in a redundant representation. The computation proceeds in serial-parallel fashion. Each subtraction for the division for residue calculation is embedded in the repeated multiply-add. Each intermediate result is represented in a more redundant representation than that for the operands and the result, so that the number of the required addition/subtractions is reduced. All addition/subtraction are carried out without carry propagation. A serial-parallel modular multiplier based on the algorithm has a regular cellular array structure with a bit slice feature and is suitable for VLSI implementation.