Epidemic algorithms for replicated database maintenance
PODC '87 Proceedings of the sixth annual ACM Symposium on Principles of distributed computing
MASSIVE: a collaborative virtual environment for teleconferencing
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI) - Special issue on virtual reality software and technology
SpaceFusion: a multi-server architecture for shared virtual environments
VRML '97 Proceedings of the second symposium on Virtual reality modeling language
Modeling collaboration using shared objects
GROUP '99 Proceedings of the international ACM SIGGROUP conference on Supporting group work
High Performance Cluster Computing: Architectures and Systems
High Performance Cluster Computing: Architectures and Systems
Collaborative Surgical Simulation over the Internet
IEEE Internet Computing
Locales: Supporting Large Multiuser Virtual Environments
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Distributed Virtual Environments
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
The NAVL Distributed Virtual Reality System
AMCP '98 Proceedings of the First International Conference on Advanced Multimedia Content Processing
Design of the Server Cluster to Support Avatar Migration
VR '03 Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality 2003
Flexible performance visualization of parallel and distributed applications
Future Generation Computer Systems - Tools for program development and analysis
An Architecture for Java-Based Real-Time Distributed Visualization
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
A Network Architecture Supporting Consistent Rich Behavior in Collaborative Interactive Applications
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Orthopedics surgery trainer with PPU-accelerated blood and tissue simulation
MICCAI'07 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention
Teleworks: a CSCW application for remote medical diagnosis support and teleconsultation
IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine
Design and development of an interactive medical teleconsultation system over the World Wide Web
IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine
Internet-based system for simulation-based medical planning for cardiovascular disease
IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine
IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine
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Research on collaborative virtual environments (CVEs) opens the opportunity for simulating the cooperative work in surgical operations. It is however a challenging task to implement a high performance collaborative surgical simulation system because of the difficulty in maintaining state consistency with minimum network latencies, especially when sophisticated deformable models and haptics are involved. In this paper, an integrated framework using cluster-based hybrid network architecture is proposed to support collaborative virtual surgery. Multicast transmission is employed to transmit updated information among participants in order to reduce network latencies, while system consistency is maintained by an administrative server. Reliable multicast is implemented using distributed message acknowledgment based on cluster cooperation and sliding window technique. The robustness of the framework is guaranteed by the failure detection chain which enables smooth transition when participants join and leave the collaboration, including normal and involuntary leaving. Communication overhead is further reduced by implementing a number of management approaches such as computational policies and collaborative mechanisms. The feasibility of the proposed framework is demonstrated by successfully extending an existing standalone orthopedic surgery trainer into a collaborative simulation system. A series of experiments have been conducted to evaluate the system performance. The results demonstrate that the proposed framework is capable of supporting collaborative surgical simulation.