Principal Warps: Thin-Plate Splines and the Decomposition of Deformations
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
SexNet: A neural network identifies sex from human faces
NIPS-3 Proceedings of the 1990 conference on Advances in neural information processing systems 3
Eigenfaces vs. Fisherfaces: Recognition Using Class Specific Linear Projection
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
New Constraints on Data-Closeness and Needle Map Consistency for Shape-from-Shading
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
The FERET Evaluation Methodology for Face-Recognition Algorithms
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Learning Gender with Support Faces
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
ECCV '98 Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Computer Vision-Volume II - Volume II
Genetic Feature Subset Selection for Gender Classification: A Comparison Study
WACV '02 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision
A Unified Learning Framework for Real Time Face Detection and Classification
FGR '02 Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition
Acquiring Height Maps of Faces from a Single Image
3DPVT '04 Proceedings of the 3D Data Processing, Visualization, and Transmission, 2nd International Symposium
Estimating the surface radiance function from single images
Graphical Models - Special issue: Vision and computer graphics
Cascaded Classification of Gender and Facial Expression using Active Appearance Models
FGR '06 Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition
Boosting Sex Identification Performance
International Journal of Computer Vision
Appearance-based gender classification with Gaussian processes
Pattern Recognition Letters
Facial Shape-from-shading and Recognition Using Principal Geodesic Analysis and Robust Statistics
International Journal of Computer Vision
Evaluation of Gender Classification Methods with Automatically Detected and Aligned Faces
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
An experimental comparison of gender classification methods
Pattern Recognition Letters
Combining appearance and motion for face and gender recognition from videos
Pattern Recognition
Assessment of time dependency in face recognition: an initial study
AVBPA'03 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Audio- and video-based biometric person authentication
LUT-based Adaboost for gender classification
AVBPA'03 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Audio- and video-based biometric person authentication
Weighted principal geodesic analysis for facial gender classification
CIARP'07 Proceedings of the Congress on pattern recognition 12th Iberoamerican conference on Progress in pattern recognition, image analysis and applications
Integrating independent components and linear discriminant analysis for gender classification
FGR' 04 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE international conference on Automatic face and gesture recognition
Gender classification using a new pyramidal neural network
ICONIP'06 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Neural Information Processing - Volume Part II
Gender classification using principal geodesic analysis and gaussian mixture models
CIARP'06 Proceedings of the 11th Iberoamerican conference on Progress in Pattern Recognition, Image Analysis and Applications
Multimodal facial gender and ethnicity identification
ICB'06 Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Advances in Biometrics
Classification of face images for gender, age, facial expression, and identity
ICANN'05 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Artificial Neural Networks: biological Inspirations - Volume Part I
Mixture of experts for classification of gender, ethnic origin, and pose of human faces
IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks
Gender discriminating models from facial surface normals
Pattern Recognition
Three robust features extraction approaches for facial gender classification
The Visual Computer: International Journal of Computer Graphics
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The aim in this paper is to show how to use the 2.5D facial surface normals (needle-maps) recovered using shape-from-shading (SFS) to perform gender classification. We use principal geodesic analysis (PGA) to model the distribution of facial surface normals which reside on a Remannian manifold. We incorporate PGA into shape-from-shading, and develop a principal geodesic shape-from-shading (PGSFS) method. This method guarantees that the recovered needle-maps exhibit realistic facial shape by satisfying a statistical model. Moreover, because the recovered facial needle-maps satisfy the data-closeness constraint as a hard constraint, they not only encode facial shape but also implicitly encode image intensity. Experiments explore the gender classification performance using the recovered facial needle-maps on two databases (Notre Dame and FERET), and compare the results with those obtained using intensity images. The results demonstrate the feasibility of gender classification using the recovered facial shape information.