Improving dynamic voltage scaling algorithms with PACE
Proceedings of the 2001 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Managing energy and server resources in hosting centers
SOSP '01 Proceedings of the eighteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Lessons from Giant-Scale Services
IEEE Internet Computing
Dynamic cluster reconfiguration for power and performance
Compilers and operating systems for low power
Balance of Power: Dynamic Thermal Management for Internet Data Centers
IEEE Internet Computing
Queue - Multiprocessors
Policies for dynamic clock scheduling
OSDI'00 Proceedings of the 4th conference on Symposium on Operating System Design & Implementation - Volume 4
Scheduling for reduced CPU energy
OSDI '94 Proceedings of the 1st USENIX conference on Operating Systems Design and Implementation
Energy-aware server provisioning and load dispatching for connection-intensive internet services
NSDI'08 Proceedings of the 5th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation
Power and Performance Management of Virtualized Computing Environments Via Lookahead Control
ICAC '08 Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Autonomic Computing
PowerNap: eliminating server idle power
Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Wikipedia workload analysis for decentralized hosting
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
FAWN: a fast array of wimpy nodes
Proceedings of the ACM SIGOPS 22nd symposium on Operating systems principles
Statistical machine learning makes automatic control practical for internet datacenters
HotCloud'09 Proceedings of the 2009 conference on Hot topics in cloud computing
Blink: managing server clusters on intermittent power
Proceedings of the sixteenth international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Global cost diversity aware dispatch algorithm for heterogeneous data centers
Proceedings of the 2nd ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance engineering
Towards continuous policy-driven demand response in data centers
Proceedings of the 2nd ACM SIGCOMM workshop on Green networking
The case for sleep states in servers
HotPower '11 Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Power-Aware Computing and Systems
DreamWeaver: architectural support for deep sleep
ASPLOS XVII Proceedings of the seventeenth international conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems
Enabling consolidation and scaling down to provide power management for cloud computing
HotCloud'11 Proceedings of the 3rd USENIX conference on Hot topics in cloud computing
ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization (TACO)
Defining CPS Challenges in a Sustainable Electricity Grid
ICCPS '12 Proceedings of the 2012 IEEE/ACM Third International Conference on Cyber-Physical Systems
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2012 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
Saving cash by using less cache
HotCloud'12 Proceedings of the 4th USENIX conference on Hot Topics in Cloud Ccomputing
Why let resources idle? aggressive cloning of jobs with dolly
HotCloud'12 Proceedings of the 4th USENIX conference on Hot Topics in Cloud Ccomputing
ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems (JETC)
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review - Special october issue SIGCOMM '12
AutoScale: Dynamic, Robust Capacity Management for Multi-Tier Data Centers
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
Computing while charging: building a distributed computing infrastructure using smartphones
Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Emerging networking experiments and technologies
SOFTScale: stealing opportunistically for transient scaling
Proceedings of the 13th International Middleware Conference
A novel approach to energy efficient content distribution with bittorrent
EPEW'12 Proceedings of the 9th European conference on Computer Performance Engineering
A novel approach to energy efficient content distribution with bittorrent
EPEW'12 Proceedings of the 9th European conference on Computer Performance Engineering
Exact analysis of the M/M/k/setup class of Markov chains via recursive renewal reward
Proceedings of the ACM SIGMETRICS/international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
The Experience in Designing and Evaluating the High Performance Cluster Netuno
International Journal of Parallel Programming
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Energy consumption is a major and costly problem in data centers. A large fraction of this energy goes to powering idle machines that are not doing any useful work. We identify two causes of this inefficiency: low server utilization and a lack of power-proportionality. To address this problem we present a design for an power-proportional cluster consisting of a power-aware cluster manager and a set of heterogeneous machines. Our design makes use of currently available energy-efficient hardware, mechanisms for transitioning in and out of low-power sleep states, and dynamic provisioning and scheduling to continually adjust to workload and minimize power consumption. With our design we are able to reduce energy consumption while maintaining acceptable response times for a web service workload based on Wikipedia. With our dynamic provisioning algorithms we demonstrate via simulation a 63% savings in power usage in a typically provisioned datacenter where all machines are left on and awake at all times. Our results show that we are able to achieve close to 90% of the savings a theoretically optimal provisioning scheme would achieve. We have also built a prototype cluster which runs Wikipedia to demonstrate the use of our design in a real environment.