Time-of-Flight sensor calibration for accurate range sensing

  • Authors:
  • Marvin Lindner;Ingo Schiller;Andreas Kolb;Reinhard Koch

  • Affiliations:
  • Institute for Vision and Graphics, University of Siegen, Germany;Institute of Computer Science, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany;Institute for Vision and Graphics, University of Siegen, Germany;Institute of Computer Science, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Germany

  • Venue:
  • Computer Vision and Image Understanding
  • Year:
  • 2010

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Abstract

Over the past years Time-of-Flight (ToF) sensors have become a considerable alternative to conventional distance sensing techniques like laser scanners or image based stereo-vision. Due to the ability to provide full-range distance information at high frame-rates, ToF sensors achieve a significant impact onto current research areas like online object recognition, collision prevention or scene and object reconstruction. Nevertheless, ToF-cameras like the Photonic Mixer Device (PMD) still exhibit a number of error sources that affect the accuracy of measured distance information. For this reason, major error sources for ToF-cameras will be discussed, along with a new calibration approach that combines intrinsic, distance as well as a reflectivity related error calibration in an overall, easy to use system and thus significantly reduces the number of necessary reference images. The main contribution, in this context, is a new intensity-based calibration model that requires less input data compared to other models and thus significantly contributes to the reduction of calibration data.