Presence and performance within virtual environments
Virtual environments and advanced interface design
The omni-directional treadmill: a locomotion device for virtual worlds
Proceedings of the 10th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Walking walking-in-place flying, in virtual environments
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
The cubic mouse: a new device for three-dimensional input
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Walking About Virtual Environments on an Infinite Floor
VR '99 Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality
VR '99 Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality
Analysis of physiological responses to a social situation in an immersive virtual environment
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments - Special issue: 8th annual international workshop on presence II
Measuring Presence: A Response to the Witmer and Singer Presence Questionnaire
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
How Colorful Was Your Day? Why Questionnaires Cannot Assess Presence in Virtual Environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
The effect of guided and free navigation on spatial memory in mixed reality
Proceedings of the Virtual Reality International Conference: Laval Virtual
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By their very nature, virtual reality worlds are spatial. Hence, one of the key requirements for virtual reality applications is the possibility to navigate within the virtual world. Previous studies have shown that the characteristics of the device used for navigation, both in terms of the physical properties, and the interaction logic, has effects on the user's experience. The question we address is how does different navigation modes with the same physical interface affect the user's experience. We selected two modes which differed in the way the user's actions were mapped to movements in the virtual environment. To quantify the difference between the two interaction mappings, spatial memory and the subjective sense of presence were compared. The results of our study showed that interaction mapping affects both, spatial memory and presence. Hence, not only the specific physical device but also the way it is used is important for the user's experience and recollection of it. Additionally, we found a correlation between spatial memory and subjective sense of presence, which indicates that the subjective sense of presence can be estimated from the performance in a spatial memory task.