Anytime/anyplace computing and the future of knowledge work
Communications of the ACM
Conclusion: making meaning of mobiles - a theory of Apparatgeist
Perpetual contact
The Role of Trust in Organizational Settings
Organization Science
Discovering Statistics Using SPSS
Discovering Statistics Using SPSS
Reconstructing the Stage: The Use of Instant Messaging to Restructure Meeting Boundaries
HICSS '06 Proceedings of the 39th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences - Volume 01
Using Multivariate Statistics (5th Edition)
Using Multivariate Statistics (5th Edition)
Delays and interruptions: A self-perpetuating paradox of communication technology use
Information and Organization
New Tech, New Ties: How Mobile Communication Is Reshaping Social Cohesion
New Tech, New Ties: How Mobile Communication Is Reshaping Social Cohesion
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New communication technologies, increased virtual communication, and the intense pressure for managers and employees to be continually available and “online” are giving rise to a new and emerging workplace behavior: multicommunicating (MC), or the managing of multiple conversations at the same time. Whereas researchers in psychology and management have studied the phenomenon of multitasking, few have examined multitasking where one juggles not just multiple tasks but multiple people and often multiple media at the same time. We use the spiral theory of incivility to investigate the relational outcomes of MC from the perspective of the communication partners being juggled. Our research extends this theory by further exploring the starting point of the spiral and---through the application of social exchange theory---suggesting several antecedents to incivility that are important in the context of MC. Employing a survey methodology, both qualitative and quantitative data were collected to test the theory (n = 324) and were analyzed using qualitative thematic analysis and structural equation modeling. The results suggest several factors influencing the partner's perceptions of focal individual incivility during MC, including who initiates the conversation, whether one of the conversations being juggled is useful to the other conversation, the focal individual's performance during the conversation, whether the focal individual is more accessible to the partner, and whether the partner is certain of or only suspects the existence of the other conversation. Further, partners' perceptions of these factors are influenced by their individual orientations toward MC. Finally, the partners' perceptions of the focal individual's incivility influence their interpersonal trust in the focal individual.