Generalization of Lambert's reflectance model
SIGGRAPH '94 Proceedings of the 21st annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Computer-assisted generation of bas- and high-reliefs
Journal of Graphics Tools
International Journal of Computer Vision
NPAR '02 Proceedings of the 2nd international symposium on Non-photorealistic animation and rendering
Bidirectional Reflection Distribution Function of Thoroughly Pitted Surfaces
International Journal of Computer Vision
A BRDF Postprocess to Integrate Porosity on Rendered Surfaces
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Physically Based Rendering: From Theory to Implementation
Physically Based Rendering: From Theory to Implementation
Automatic Generation of Bas-reliefs from 3D Shapes
SMI '07 Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Shape Modeling and Applications 2007
Digital bas-relief from 3D scenes
ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 papers
ACM SIGGRAPH 2008 papers
Capacity-constrained point distributions: a variant of Lloyd's method
ACM SIGGRAPH 2009 papers
Bas-Relief Generation Using Adaptive Histogram Equalization
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 2009 papers
ACM SIGGRAPH 2010 papers
Special Section on CANS: Irregular pit placement for dithering images by self-occlusion
Computers and Graphics
Printed optics: 3D printing of embedded optical elements for interactive devices
Proceedings of the 25th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
View-dependent relief surfaces
SIGGRAPH Asia 2012 Posters
Invited Making graphics tangible
Computers and Graphics
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We propose a complete system for designing, simulating, and fabricating surfaces with shading due to self-occlusion that induce desired input images. Our work is based on a simple observation. Consider a cylindrical hole (a pit) in a planar surface. As the depth of the hole increases, the radiance emitted from the surface patch that contains the hole decreases. This is because more light is trapped and absorbed in the hole. First, we propose a measurement-based approach that derives a mapping between average albedo of the surface patch containing the hole and the hole depth. Given this mapping and an input image, we show how to produce a distribution of holes with varied depth that approximates the image well. We demonstrate that by aligning holes with image features we can obtain reproductions that look better than those resulting from regular hole patterns -- despite using slightly less holes. We validate this method on a variety of images and corresponding surfaces fabricated with a computer-controlled milling machine and a 3D printer.