Bidirectional Reflection Distribution Function of Thoroughly Pitted Surfaces

  • Authors:
  • Jan J. Koenderink;Andrea J. Van Doorn;Kristin J. Dana;Shree Nayar

  • Affiliations:
  • Helmholtz Instituut, Universiteit Utrecht, Buys Ballot Laboratory, Princetonplein 5,3584CC Utrecht, The Netherlands. j.j.koenderink@phys.uu.nl;Helmholtz Instituut, Universiteit Utrecht, Buys Ballot Laboratory, Princetonplein 5,3584CC Utrecht, The Netherlands;Department of Computer Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027;Department of Computer Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027. nayar@cs.columbia.edu

  • Venue:
  • International Journal of Computer Vision
  • Year:
  • 1999

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Abstract

We derive the BRDF (Bidirectional ReflectionDistribution Function) at the mega scale of opaque surfaces that arerough on the macro and micro scale. The roughness at the micro scaleis modeled as a uniform, isotropically scattering, Lambertiansurface. At the macro scale the roughness is modeled by way of adistribution of spherical concavities. These pits influence the BRDFvia vignetting, cast shadow, interreflection and interposition,causing it to differ markedly from Lambertian. Pitted surfaces showstrong backward scattering (so called “opposition effect”). When weassume that the macro scale can be resolved, the radiance histogramand the spatial structure of the textons of the textured surface (atthe mega scale) can be calculated. This is the main advantage of themodel over previous ones: One can do exact (numerical) calculationsfor a surface geometry that is physically realizable.