Computer graphics: principles and practice (2nd ed.)
Computer graphics: principles and practice (2nd ed.)
Surface Reflection: Physical and Geometrical Perspectives
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Generalization of the Lambertian model and implications for machine vision
International Journal of Computer Vision
When Shadows Become Interreflections
International Journal of Computer Vision - Special issue on computer vision research at NEC Research Institute
A microfacet-based BRDF generator
Proceedings of the 27th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Illumination for computer generated pictures
Communications of the ACM
Bidirectional Reflection Distribution Function of Thoroughly Pitted Surfaces
International Journal of Computer Vision
Reflectance and Texture of Real-World Surfaces Authors
CVPR '97 Proceedings of the 1997 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR '97)
APGV '05 Proceedings of the 2nd symposium on Applied perception in graphics and visualization
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Current reflectance models for glossy surfaces assume that the reflectance from such objects can be represented by a linear combination of specular and diffuse reflectance functions. This assumption is based on the physics of reflectance of smooth dielectric materials such as plastic and holds quite well for perfectly smooth convex dielectric objects such as billiard balls. In this paper, however, we demonstrate visually and semi-quantitatively that linear combinations of body and interface scattering do not apply to rough surfaces (concavities on a meso scale) and to concave shapes (concavities on a macro scale), because the linearity is destroyed by multiple scattering. Using a physical model of a canonical case of rough opaque surfaces, namely a hemispherical pit, we demonstrate that the mechanism of multiple specular and diffuse reflexes causes a discrepancy between a linear superposition of specular and diffuse cases and the real glossy model. We discuss how the reflectance from locally glossy pitted surfaces may be calculated on the basis of two exact descriptions of the complete bidirectional reflectance distribution functions for locally specular and locally matte "thoroughly pitted surfaces."