Clustered voltage scaling technique for low-power design
ISLPED '95 Proceedings of the 1995 international symposium on Low power design
ISLPED '95 Proceedings of the 1995 international symposium on Low power design
Cut ranking and pruning: enabling a general and efficient FPGA mapping solution
FPGA '99 Proceedings of the 1999 ACM/SIGDA seventh international symposium on Field programmable gate arrays
Architecture and CAD for Deep-Submicron FPGAs
Architecture and CAD for Deep-Submicron FPGAs
Intrinsic Leakage in Low-Power Deep Submicron CMOS ICs
Proceedings of the IEEE International Test Conference
On the Interaction Between Power-Aware FPGA CAD Algorithms
Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design
A detailed power model for field-programmable gate arrays
ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems (TODAES)
An Overview of Low-Power Techniques for Field-Programmable Gate Arrays
AHS '08 Proceedings of the 2008 NASA/ESA Conference on Adaptive Hardware and Systems
Architectural enhancements in Stratix-III™ and Stratix-IV™
Proceedings of the ACM/SIGDA international symposium on Field programmable gate arrays
Odin II - An Open-Source Verilog HDL Synthesis Tool for CAD Research
FCCM '10 Proceedings of the 2010 18th IEEE Annual International Symposium on Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines
Technology mapping and clustering for FPGA architectures with dual supply voltages
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
ESL Design and Verification: A Prescription for Electronic System Level Methodology
ESL Design and Verification: A Prescription for Electronic System Level Methodology
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In this paper, we present a framework for leakage power reduction in FPGAs with programmable-VT architectures, with focus on dual-VT technology mapping. The use of Reverse Back Bias (RBB) circuit techniques is recognized as one of the possible strategies in mitigating leakage power, a critical problem in circuits deploying deep submicron process technologies. FPGAs with the ability to tune LUT VT via RBB offer the potential of reducing leakage power with no sacrifice to circuit speed. Today, Altera's Stratix line of FPGAs oer some levels of VT programmability, but with optimizations limited to the post-P&R stage. We present a novel technology mapper (RBBMap), logic block packer (RBBPack) and placement-and-routing tool (RBBVPR) that together demonstrate the advantages in moving RBB optimizations upwards to the technology mapping level. Compared to an existing power-optimized technology mapping tool Emap, our framework oers an average of 44.41% savings in average logic block leakage power and 30.88% savings in average total energy consumption. We also illustrate why our work is potentially superior to another comparable work DVMap-2 that utilizes a dual-VDD approach.