Ubiquitous tele-embodiment: applications and implications
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies - Special issue: innovative applications of the World Wide Web
Design guidelines for improved human-robot interaction
CHI '04 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Comparing the usefulness of video and map information in navigation tasks
Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCHI/SIGART conference on Human-robot interaction
Exploring the use of tangible user interfaces for human-robot interaction: a comparative study
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Interactive methods of tele-operating a single unmanned ground vehicle on a small screen interface
Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Human-robot interaction
Exploring camera viewpoint control models for a multi-tasking setting in teleoperation
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Human Performance Issues and User Interface Design for Teleoperated Robots
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C: Applications and Reviews
Validating human-robot interaction schemes in multitasking environments
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans
Supporting augmented reality based children's play with pro-cam robot: three user perspectives
Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGGRAPH International Conference on Virtual-Reality Continuum and Its Applications in Industry
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When controlling robot in-situ, the operator's attention is often divided between the scene and the interface. This often causes inefficiency in the control performance. One possible solution to address this attention switch is to employ a camera (or sensor) view (despite being at the site) in which critical parts of the operating environment can be shown side-by-side with the control interface so that the user is not distracted from the either. In addition, when the user switches one's attention away unavoidably and then back to the control interface, the interface can be configured so that user can easily continue the task at hand without momentary the loss of context. In this paper, we describe the design of such an interface and investigate in the possible user attentive behaviors based on it. In particular, we present an experiment that compares three variant forms of interactions: (1) Nominal (no camera view), (2) Fixed (using a camera view and user not allowed to overlook into the scene), and (3) Free (using a camera view but user is free to overlook into the scene). The three approaches represent different balances between information availability, interface accessibility and the amount of attentional shift. Experiment results have shown that all three interaction models exhibited similar task performance even though the Fixed type induced much less attentional shift. However, the users much preferred the Nominal and Free type. Users mostly ignored the camera view, shifting one's attention excessively into the operating scene, due to the lack of visual quality, realistic scale and depth information of the camera view.