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ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS)
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Mathematical Programming: Series A and B
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Formal Methods in System Design
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Formal Methods in System Design
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FM '09 Proceedings of the 2nd World Congress on Formal Methods
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Quantitative system validation in model driven design
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Interactive synthesis of code snippets
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Synthia: verification and synthesis for timed automata
CAV'11 Proceedings of the 23rd international conference on Computer aided verification
Relational abstractions for continuous and hybrid systems
CAV'11 Proceedings of the 23rd international conference on Computer aided verification
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EMSOFT '11 Proceedings of the ninth ACM international conference on Embedded software
Communications of the ACM
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ICTAC'12 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Theoretical Aspects of Computing
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Many embedded systems are indeed software-based control systems, that is, control systems whose controller consists of control software running on a microcontroller device. This motivates investigation on formal model-based design approaches for automatic synthesis of embedded systems control software. We present an algorithm, along with a tool QKS implementing it, that from a formal model (as a discrete-time linear hybrid system) of the controlled system (plant), implementation specifications (that is, number of bits in the Analog-to-Digital, AD, conversion) and system-level formal specifications (that is, safety and liveness requirements for the closed loop system) returns correct-by-construction control software that has a Worst-Case Execution Time (WCET) linear in the number of AD bits and meets the given specifications. We show feasibility of our approach by presenting experimental results on using it to synthesize control software for a buck DC-DC converter, a widely used mixed-mode analog circuit, and for the inverted pendulum.