Clocking Optimization and Distribution in Digital Systemswith Scheduled Skews

Authors:
Hong-Yean Hsieh;Wentai Liu;Paul Franzon;Ralph Cavin, III
Affiliations:
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7911;Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7911;Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7911;Semiconductor Research Center, Research Triangle
Venue:
Journal of VLSI Signal Processing Systems - Special issue on high performance clock distribution networks
Year:
1997

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Abstract

System performance can be improved by employing scheduled skews atflip-flops. This optimization technique is called skewed-clockoptimization and has been successfully used in memory designs toachieve high operating frequencies. There are two important issues indeveloping this optimization technique. The first is the selection ofappropriate clock skews to improve system performance. The second isto reliably distribute skewed clocks in the presence of manufacturingand environmental variations. Without the careful selection ofclocking times and control of unintentional clock skews, potentialsystem performance might not be achieved. In this paper atheoretical framework is first presented for solving the problem ofoptimally scheduling skews. A novel self-calibrating clockdistribution scheme is then developed which can automatically trackvariations and minimize unintentional skews. Clocks with properskews can be reliably delivered by such a scheme.