SIGGRAPH '93 Proceedings of the 20th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
A model for efficient and flexible image computing
SIGGRAPH '94 Proceedings of the 21st annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
TicTacToon: a paperless system for professional 2D animation
SIGGRAPH '95 Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
SKETCH: an interface for sketching 3D scenes
SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
FORMS: a flexible object recognition and modeling system
International Journal of Computer Vision
Multiperspective panoramas for cel animation
Proceedings of the 24th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Texture mapping for cel animation
Proceedings of the 25th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Teddy: a sketching interface for 3D freeform design
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
3D rendering effects for 2D animation
ACM SIGGRAPH 99 Conference abstracts and applications
Perceiving Spatial Relationships in Computer-Generated Images
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Merging and transformation of raster images for cartoon animation
SIGGRAPH '81 Proceedings of the 8th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Topological Reconstruction of a Smooth Manifold-Solid From Its Occluding Contour
Topological Reconstruction of a Smooth Manifold-Solid From Its Occluding Contour
Lumo: illumination for cel animation
NPAR '02 Proceedings of the 2nd international symposium on Non-photorealistic animation and rendering
An invitation to discuss computer depiction
NPAR '02 Proceedings of the 2nd international symposium on Non-photorealistic animation and rendering
A user interface for interactive cinematic shadow design
Proceedings of the 29th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Stylized Highlights for Cartoon Rendering and Animation
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Shadow matting and compositing
ACM SIGGRAPH 2003 Papers
SCA '04 Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Performance relighting and reflectance transformation with time-multiplexed illumination
ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Papers
Tweakable light and shade for cartoon animation
Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Non-photorealistic animation and rendering
Re-using traditional animation: methods for semi-automatic segmentation and inbetweening
Proceedings of the 2006 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Camera calibration and light source orientation from solar shadows
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Proceedings of the 5th international symposium on Non-photorealistic animation and rendering
Camera calibration and geo-location estimation from two shadow trajectories
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Augmenting hand animation with three-dimensional secondary motion
Proceedings of the 2010 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation
Cartoon synthesis using constrained spreading activation network
Multimedia Tools and Applications
Three-dimensional proxies for hand-drawn characters
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Learning about shadows from artists
Computational Aesthetics'10 Proceedings of the Sixth international conference on Computational Aesthetics in Graphics, Visualization and Imaging
Repoussé: automatic inflation of 2D artwork
SBM'08 Proceedings of the Fifth Eurographics conference on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling
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We present a semi-automatic method for creating shadow mattes in cel animation. In conventional cel animation, shadows are drawn by hand, in order to provide visual cues about the spatial relationships and forms of characters in the scene. Our system creates shadow mattes based on hand-drawn characters, given high-level guidance from the user about depths of various objects. The method employs a scheme for “inflating” a 3D figure based on hand-drawn art. It provides simple tools for adjusting object depths, coupled with an intuitive interface by which the user specifies object shapes and relative positions in a scene. Our system obviates the tedium of drawing shadow mattes by hand, and provides control over complex shadows falling over interesting shapes.