PathFinder: a negotiation-based performance-driven router for FPGAs
FPGA '95 Proceedings of the 1995 ACM third international symposium on Field-programmable gate arrays
FPGA '99 Proceedings of the 1999 ACM/SIGDA seventh international symposium on Field programmable gate arrays
Timing-driven placement for hierarchical programmable logic devices
FPGA '01 Proceedings of the 2001 ACM/SIGDA ninth international symposium on Field programmable gate arrays
A comparative study of two Boolean formulations of FPGA detailed routing constraints
Proceedings of the 2001 international symposium on Physical design
VPR: A new packing, placement and routing tool for FPGA research
FPL '97 Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Field-Programmable Logic and Applications
Performance-driven simultaneous placement and routing for FPGA's
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
Wire type assignment for FPGA routing
FPGA '03 Proceedings of the 2003 ACM/SIGDA eleventh international symposium on Field programmable gate arrays
ISVLSI '05 Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Annual Symposium on VLSI: New Frontiers in VLSI Design
Architecture-aware FPGA placement using metric embedding
Proceedings of the 43rd annual Design Automation Conference
Solving hard instances of FPGA routing with a congestion-optimal restrained-norm path search space
Proceedings of the 2007 international symposium on Physical design
Proceedings of the 16th international ACM/SIGDA symposium on Field programmable gate arrays
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FPGAs have been growing at a rapid rate in the past few years. Their ever-increasing gate densities and performance capabilities are making them very popular in the design of digital systems. In this paper we discuss the state-of-the-art in FPGA physical design. Compared to physical design in traditional ASICs, FPGAs pose a different set of requirements and challenges. Consequently the algorithms in FPGA physical design have evolved differently from their ASIC counterparts. Apart from allowing FPGA users to implement their designs on FPGAs, FPGA physical design is also used extensively in developing and evaluating new FPGA architectures. Finally, the future of FPGA physical design is discussed along with how it is interacting with the latest FPGA technologies.