Bus-invert coding for low-power I/O
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
System-level power optimization of special purpose applications: the beach solution
ISLPED '97 Proceedings of the 1997 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Exploiting the locality of memory references to reduce the address bus energy
ISLPED '97 Proceedings of the 1997 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Computer architecture (2nd ed.): a quantitative approach
Computer architecture (2nd ed.): a quantitative approach
A coding framework for low-power address and data busses
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
Power optimization of system-level address buses based on software profiling
CODES '00 Proceedings of the eighth international workshop on Hardware/software codesign
Low-energy for deep-submicron address buses
ISLPED '01 Proceedings of the 2001 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Irredundant address bus encoding for low power
ISLPED '01 Proceedings of the 2001 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Low power address encoding using self-organizing lists
ISLPED '01 Proceedings of the 2001 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Reducing Address Bus Transitions for Low Power Memory Mapping
EDTC '96 Proceedings of the 1996 European conference on Design and Test
GLS '97 Proceedings of the 7th Great Lakes Symposium on VLSI
Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE/ACM international conference on Computer-aided design
Design and analysis of spatial encoding circuits for peak power reduction in on-chip buses
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
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In this paper, we introduce a class of irredundant low power encoding techniques for memory address buses. The basic idea is to partition the memory space into a number of sectors. These sectors can, for example, represent address spaces for the code, heap, and stack segments of one or more application programs. Each address is first dynamically mapped to the appropriate sector and then is encoded with respect to the sector head. Each sector head is updated based on the last accessed address in that sector. The result of this sector-based encoding technique is a reduction in the number of bus transitions when encoding consecutive addresses that access different sectors. Our proposed techniques have small power and delay overhead when compared with many of the existing methods in the literature. One of our proposed techniques is very suitable for encoding addresses that are sent from an on-chip cache to the main memory when multiple application programs are executing on the processor in a time-sharing basis. For a computer system without an on-chip cache, the proposed techniques decrease the switching activity of data address and multiplexed address buses by an average of 55% and 67%, respectively. For a system with on-chip cache, up to 55% transition reduction is achieved on a multiplexed address bus between the internal cache and the external memory. Assuming a 10pF per line bus capacitance, we show that power reduction of up to 52% for an external data address bus and 42% for the multiplexed bus between cache and main memory is achieved using our methods.