Towards image realism with interactive update rates in complex virtual building environments
I3D '90 Proceedings of the 1990 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Visibility preprocessing for interactive walkthroughs
Proceedings of the 18th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
RING: a client-server system for multi-user virtual environments
I3D '95 Proceedings of the 1995 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
NPSNET: a multi-player 3D virtual environment over the Internet
I3D '95 Proceedings of the 1995 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Portals and mirrors: simple, fast evaluation of potentially visible sets
I3D '95 Proceedings of the 1995 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
MASSIVE: a collaborative virtual environment for teleconferencing
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI) - Special issue on virtual reality software and technology
Cooperative virtual environments: lessons from 2D multi user interfaces
CSCW '96 Proceedings of the 1996 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Database management for interactive display of large architectural models
GI '96 Proceedings of the conference on Graphics interface '96
Temporally coherent conservative visibility
Selected papers from the 12th annual symposium on Computational Geometry
VRAIS '95 Proceedings of the Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium (VRAIS'95)
Network Topologies for Scalable Multi-User Virtual Environments
VRAIS '96 Proceedings of the 1996 Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium (VRAIS 96)
Distributed Virtual Reality for Everyone -a Framework for Networked VR on the Internet
VRAIS '97 Proceedings of the 1997 Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium (VRAIS '97)
Making WAVES: On the design of architectures for low-end distributed virtual environments
VRAIS '93 Proceedings of the 1993 IEEE Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium
Real-time reproduction of 3D human images in virtual space teleconferencing
VRAIS '93 Proceedings of the 1993 IEEE Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium
Geometric algorithms for message filtering in decentralized virtual environments
I3D '99 Proceedings of the 1999 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Generalized interest management in virtual environments
Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Collaborative virtual environments
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Networked Graphics: Building Networked Games and Virtual Environments
Networked Graphics: Building Networked Games and Virtual Environments
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Though the service of shared virtual worlds is an active area of research, little effort has been made to optimize such systems for urban world spaces. Tracking the motion, action, and communication of thousands of users in a city requires a application of visibility for spatial and logical subdivision of updates. We propose herein the City-Level Optimizations for Virtual Environments (CLOVES) substrate for the MIT City Scan (automated urban geometry acquisition) project. CLOVES includes a generalized spatial subdivision optimized for visibility; a Graduated Visibility Set (GVS) generator; associated interest management techniques; and model service to distributed heterogeneous clients.