Field-programmable gate arrays
Field-programmable gate arrays
PathFinder: a negotiation-based performance-driven router for FPGAs
FPGA '95 Proceedings of the 1995 ACM third international symposium on Field-programmable gate arrays
FPGA routing and routability estimation via Boolean satisfiability
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
FPGA '99 Proceedings of the 1999 ACM/SIGDA seventh international symposium on Field programmable gate arrays
GRASP: A Search Algorithm for Propositional Satisfiability
IEEE Transactions on Computers
A comparative study of two Boolean formulations of FPGA detailed routing constraints
Proceedings of the 2001 international symposium on Physical design
Computers and Intractability: A Guide to the Theory of NP-Completeness
Computers and Intractability: A Guide to the Theory of NP-Completeness
VPR: A new packing, placement and routing tool for FPGA research
FPL '97 Proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Field-Programmable Logic and Applications
Wire routing by optimizing channel assignment within large apertures
DAC '71 Proceedings of the 8th Design Automation Workshop
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Boolean Satisfiability (SAT)-based routing has unique advantages over conventional one-net-at-a-time approaches such as simultaneous net embedding or routability decision. Yet SAT-based routing has been criticized for scalability issues. On the other hand, geometric search routing algorithms, even with extensive rip-up-reroute capabilities, have difficulty achieving routing solution convergence when a problem has tight routing constraints. In this paper, we revisit the SAT-based routing idea for FPGA routing, and propose a new hybrid algorithm that integrates SAT-based FPGA routing with a conventional geometric search FPGA router. The advantages of such a combination are twofold: 1) the scalability handicap of SAT-based routing is overcome due to the path pruning techniques of the geometric search algorithm, and 2) more concrete routability decisions can be made thus achieving the convergence, because the SAT-based technique considers simultaneously any paths in the history of iterative routings. The proposed algorithm named search-SAT is implemented and applied to real-world industry circuits. Preliminary experimental results show "search-SAT" is a more viable routing technique than any earlier SATbased routing approach.