Maintaining Usability During 3D Placement Despite Delay

  • Authors:
  • Benjamin Watson;Neff Walker;Peter Woytiuk;William Ribarsky

  • Affiliations:
  • -;-;-;-

  • Venue:
  • VR '03 Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality 2003
  • Year:
  • 2003

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Abstract

This paper describes an experimental investigationinto the relationship of delay to user performance in 3Dobject placement. In the first experiment, 10 participantsperformed a placement task as delay and placementdifficulty varied. Results were analyzed with statisticalanalyses of variance. Placement errors and times rose asdelay and difficulty increased. An interaction indicatedthat controlling delay is particularly important whenplacement is already difficult. In vehicle control tasks,previewing forecasts required input, and is a useful wayof compensating for delay. The second experimentexamined the relationship of previewing to delay anddifficulty in placement. With regard to delay anddifficulty, the 15 participants replicated the firstexperiment's results. Previewing reduced placement timesdirectly, and mitigated the effects of delay and difficulty.A three-way interaction indicated that when previewing isused, more delay can be tolerated even in difficultplacement tasks.