Use of shadows for extracting buildings in aerial images
Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing
Detecting clouds and cloud shadows on aerial photographs
Pattern Recognition Letters
Model-based object tracking in monocular image sequences of road traffic scenes
International Journal of Computer Vision
W4: Real-Time Surveillance of People and Their Activities
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Combining color and geometry for the active, visual recognition of shadows
ICCV '95 Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Computer Vision
Shadow Elimination Method for Moving Object Detection
ICPR '98 Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Pattern Recognition-Volume 1 - Volume 1
Moving Shadow and Object Detection in Traffic Scenes
ICPR '00 Proceedings of the International Conference on Pattern Recognition - Volume 1
Image segmentation in video sequences: a probabilistic approach
UAI'97 Proceedings of the Thirteenth conference on Uncertainty in artificial intelligence
Detection of moving cast shadows for object segmentation
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Shadow Graphs and 3D Texture Reconstruction
International Journal of Computer Vision - Special Issue on Texture Analysis and Synthesis
Cast shadow segmentation using invariant color features
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Pixels Classification for Moving Object Extraction
WACV-MOTION '05 Proceedings of the IEEE Workshop on Motion and Video Computing (WACV/MOTION'05) - Volume 2 - Volume 02
A Dynamic Conditional Random Field Model for Foreground and Shadow Segmentation
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A Texture-Based Method for Modeling the Background and Detecting Moving Objects
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Efficient adaptive density estimation per image pixel for the task of background subtraction
Pattern Recognition Letters
Detecting moving people in video streams
Pattern Recognition Letters
A shadow elimination approach in video-surveillance context
Pattern Recognition Letters
A revaluation of frame difference in fast and robust motion detection
Proceedings of the 4th ACM international workshop on Video surveillance and sensor networks
Shadow detection for moving objects based on texture analysis
Pattern Recognition
Camera calibration and light source orientation from solar shadows
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
A survey of advances in vision-based human motion capture and analysis
Computer Vision and Image Understanding - Special issue on modeling people: Vision-based understanding of a person's shape, appearance, movement, and behaviour
A Framework for Model-Based Tracking Experiments in Image Sequences
International Journal of Computer Vision
Learning and Removing Cast Shadows through a Multidistribution Approach
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Detecting abnormal activities in video sequences
Proceedings of the 2008 Ambi-Sys workshop on Ambient media delivery and interactive television
Shadow detection in colour high-resolution satellite images
International Journal of Remote Sensing
A method to segment moving vehicle cast shadow based on wavelet transform
Pattern Recognition Letters
Video Object Segmentation Based on Feedback Schemes Guided by a Low-Level Scene Ontology
ACIVS '08 Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Advanced Concepts for Intelligent Vision Systems
Shadow Detection and Removal from Solo Natural Image Based on Retinex Theory
ICIRA '08 Proceedings of the First International Conference on Intelligent Robotics and Applications: Part I
Shadow Removal Method for Real-Time Extraction of Moving Objects
KES '07 Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems and the XVII Italian Workshop on Neural Networks on Proceedings of the 11th International Conference
Generating pictorial-based representation of mental images for video monitoring
Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Player Detection and Tracking in Broadcast Tennis Video
PSIVT '09 Proceedings of the 3rd Pacific Rim Symposium on Advances in Image and Video Technology
IEICE - Transactions on Information and Systems
Combining shadow detection and simulation for estimation of vehicle size and position
Pattern Recognition Letters
Entropy Minimization for Shadow Removal
International Journal of Computer Vision
Fast Object Tracking in Intelligent Surveillance System
ICCSA '09 Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications: Part II
Shadow Detection in Dynamic Scenes Using Dense Stereo Information and an Outdoor Illumination Model
Dyn3D '09 Proceedings of the DAGM 2009 Workshop on Dynamic 3D Imaging
Shadow Removal in Outdoor Video Sequences by Automatic Thresholding of Division Images
ICIAP '09 Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing
An efficient cast shadow removal for motion segmentation
ISCGAV'09 Proceedings of the 9th WSEAS international conference on Signal processing, computational geometry and artificial vision
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Exploiting contextual data for event retrieval in surveillance video
Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Image and Video Retrieval
Efficient background subtraction and shadow removal for monochromatic video sequences
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia - Special section on communities and media computing
Tricolor attenuation model for shadow detection
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Shadows Removal by Edges Matching
ISVC '09 Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Advances in Visual Computing: Part II
ISVC '09 Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Advances in Visual Computing: Part II
Edge-Based Algorithm for Shadows and Ghosts Removing
PCM '09 Proceedings of the 10th Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia: Advances in Multimedia Information Processing
Background recovering in outdoor image sequences: An example of soccer players segmentation
Image and Vision Computing
Fast shadow detection for urban autonomous driving applications
IROS'09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE/RSJ international conference on Intelligent robots and systems
PRICAI'06 Proceedings of the 9th Pacific Rim international conference on Artificial intelligence
Foreground and shadow detection based on conditional random field
CAIP'07 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Computer analysis of images and patterns
Improved background mixture models for video surveillance applications
ACCV'07 Proceedings of the 8th Asian conference on Computer vision - Volume Part I
A boosting discriminative model for moving cast shadow detection
EMMCVPR'07 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Energy minimization methods in computer vision and pattern recognition
Learning contextual variations for video segmentation
ICVS'08 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Computer vision systems
Shadow detection in video surveillance by maximizing agreement between independent detectors
ICIP'09 Proceedings of the 16th IEEE international conference on Image processing
A global probabilistic framework for the foreground, background and shadow classification task
ICIP'09 Proceedings of the 16th IEEE international conference on Image processing
Camera calibration and geo-location estimation from two shadow trajectories
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Frontiers of Information Technology
Moving human detection and recognition in videos using adaptive method and support vector machine
Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Frontiers of Information Technology
Adaptive shadow estimator for removing shadow of moving object
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Real-time multi-vehicle detection and sub-feature based tracking for traffic surveillance systems
CAR'10 Proceedings of the 2nd international Asia conference on Informatics in control, automation and robotics - Volume 2
Multi-object detection and tracking by stereo vision
Pattern Recognition
Joint random field model for all-weather moving vehicle detection
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
A multi-layer scene model for video surveillance applications
PCM'10 Proceedings of the 11th Pacific Rim conference on Advances in multimedia information processing: Part I
Shadow detection method based on dirichlet process mixture model
KES'10 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Knowledge-based and intelligent information and engineering systems: Part III
Robust real-time background subtraction based on local neighborhood patterns
EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing - Special issue on advanced image processing for defense and security applications
Foreground and shadow segmentation based on a homography-correspondence pair
ACCV'10 Proceedings of the 10th Asian conference on Computer vision - Volume Part IV
A reliable event-driven strategy for real-time multiple object tracking using static cameras
Advances in Multimedia
Using the shadow as a single feature for real-time monocular vehicle pose determination
ISVC'11 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Advances in visual computing - Volume Part I
Advances in background updating and shadow removing for motion detection algorithms
CAIP'05 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns
Aerial image relighting: simulating time of day variations
CGI'06 Proceedings of the 24th international conference on Advances in Computer Graphics
Shadow detection: A survey and comparative evaluation of recent methods
Pattern Recognition
A novel shadow detection algorithm for real time visual surveillance applications
ICIAR'06 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Image Analysis and Recognition - Volume Part II
Markovian framework for foreground-background-shadow separation of real world video scenes
ACCV'06 Proceedings of the 7th Asian conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part I
EuroGP'06 Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Applications of Evolutionary Computing
Resolving the ambiguity of real-time multiple object tracking using static cameras
International Journal of Intelligent Systems Technologies and Applications
A survey of cast shadow detection algorithms
Pattern Recognition Letters
ISIDIS: an intelligent videosurveillance system
Proceedings of the International Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces
Synthetic ground truth dataset to detect shadows cast by static objects in outdoors
Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Visual Interfaces for Ground Truth Collection in Computer Vision Applications
Journal of Signal Processing Systems
Pattern Recognition Letters
Cast shadow detection based on semi-supervised learning
ICIAR'12 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Image Analysis and Recognition - Volume Part I
Texture and space-time based moving objects segmentation and shadow removing
ICSI'12 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Advances in Swarm Intelligence - Volume Part II
Gait identification using shadow biometrics
Pattern Recognition Letters
Analysis of embedded CORBA middleware performance on urban distributed transportation equipments
Computer Standards & Interfaces
From multiple views to textured 3d meshes: a GPU-Powered approach
ECCV'10 Proceedings of the 11th European conference on Trends and Topics in Computer Vision - Volume Part II
Shadow Casting Out Of Plane (SCOOP) Candidates for Human and Vehicle Detection in Aerial Imagery
International Journal of Computer Vision
A novel moving cast shadow detection of vehicles in traffic scene
IScIDE'12 Proceedings of the third Sino-foreign-interchange conference on Intelligent Science and Intelligent Data Engineering
On line background modeling for moving object segmentation in dynamic scenes
Multimedia Tools and Applications
Background subtraction based on multi-channel SILTP
ACCV'12 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part I
A benchmark dataset for outdoor foreground/background extraction
ACCV'12 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part I
Reasoning about shadows in a mobile robot environment
Applied Intelligence
Localizing people in multi-view environment using height map reconstruction in real-time
Pattern Recognition Letters
A visualization framework for team sports captured using multiple static cameras
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Journal of Real-Time Image Processing
Traffic event classification at intersections based on the severity of abnormality
Machine Vision and Applications
| Hi-index | 0.14 |
Moving shadows need careful consideration in the development of robust dynamic scene analysis systems. Moving shadow detection is critical for accurate object detection in video streams since shadow points are often misclassified as object points, causing errors in segmentation and tracking. Many algorithms have been proposed in the literature that deal with shadows. However, a comparative evaluation of the existing approaches is still lacking. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey of moving shadow detection approaches. We organize contributions reported in the literature in four classes two of them are statistical and two are deterministic. We also present a comparative empirical evaluation of representative algorithms selected from these four classes. Novel quantitative (detection and discrimination rate) and qualitative metrics (scene and object independence, flexibility to shadow situations, and robustness to noise) are proposed to evaluate these classes of algorithms on a benchmark suite of indoor and outdoor video sequences. These video sequences and associated 驴ground-truth驴 data are made available at http://cvrr.ucsd.edu/aton/shadow to allow for others in the community to experiment with new algorithms and metrics.