RING: a client-server system for multi-user virtual environments
I3D '95 Proceedings of the 1995 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
MobiCom '96 Proceedings of the 2nd annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Community Place: architecture and performance
VRML '97 Proceedings of the second symposium on Virtual reality modeling language
NetEffect: a network architecture for large-scale multi-user virtual worlds
VRST '97 Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
On caching and prefetching of virtual objects in distributed virtual environments
MULTIMEDIA '98 Proceedings of the sixth ACM international conference on Multimedia
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Proceedings of the third international conference on Collaborative virtual environments
Multi-Player Game Programming with CDROM
Multi-Player Game Programming with CDROM
A Multicast Network Architecture for Large Scale Collaborative Virtual Environments
ECMAST '97 Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Multimedia Applications, Services and Techniques
BrickNet: sharing object behaviors on the Net
VRAIS '95 Proceedings of the Virtual Reality Annual International Symposium (VRAIS'95)
CyberWalk: a web-based distributed virtual walkthrough environment
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Load-balancing for peer-to-peer networked virtual environment
NetGames '06 Proceedings of 5th ACM SIGCOMM workshop on Network and system support for games
Framework for 3D web-based visualization of HLA-compliant simulations
Web3D '08 Proceedings of the 13th international symposium on 3D web technology
DS-RT '09 Proceedings of the 2009 13th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real Time Applications
A user evaluation framework for web-based learning systems
MTDL '11 Proceedings of the third international ACM workshop on Multimedia technologies for distance learning
ISPA'04 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Parallel and Distributed Processing and Applications
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The advance in computer graphics and networking technologies leads to the development of distributed virtual environment (DVE), which allow remote users to share information and interact within a common virtual environment via a local area network or through the Internet. A DVE system needs to perform many tasks, such as processing of clients' requests, synchronization, object transmission and interaction handling. However, the workload induced by these tasks may become significant in a large scale DVE, where there may be a large number of concurrent users. In such situation, a single server based DVE system may not have enough processing power to maintain the system interactivity. To address this problem, a number of multi-server based DVE systems have been developed. In this paper, we explore how existing multi-server based DVE systems manage large scale DVEs and discuss various issues for implementing a multi-server based DVE system. We study the performance of such a system under various conditions via several simulated experiments.