International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Using string-matching to analyze hypertext navigation
Proceedings of the seventeenth conference on Hypertext and hypermedia
Three levels of metric for evaluating wayfinding
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments - Special issue: 2004 workshop on VR design and evaluation
Tour generation for exploration of 3D virtual environments
Proceedings of the 2007 ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Dynamic landmark placement as a navigation aid in virtual worlds
Proceedings of the 2007 ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Evaluating motion constraints for 3D wayfinding in immersive and desktop virtual environments
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Use of auditory cues for wayfinding assistance in virtual environment: music aids route decision
Proceedings of the 2008 ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Generating trails automatically, to aid navigation when you revisit an environment
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
The benefits of using a walking interface to navigate virtual environments
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
The Design of a Virtual Trailblazing Tool
VMR '09 Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Virtual and Mixed Reality: Held as Part of HCI International 2009
Flocking techniques to naturally support navigation in large and open virtual worlds
Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
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Trails are a little-researched type of aid that offers great potential benefits for navigation, especially in virtual environments (VEs). An experiment was performed in which participants repeatedly searched a virtual building for target objects assisted by: (1) a trail, (2) landmarks, (3) a trail and landmarks, or (4) neither. The trail was displayed as a white line that showed exactly where a participant had` previously traveled. The trail halved the distance that participants traveled during first-time searches, indicating the immediate benefit to users if even a crude form of trail were implemented in a variety of VE applications. However, the general clutter or "pollution" produced by trails reduced the benefit during subsequent navigation and, in the later stages of these searches, caused participants to travel more than twice as far as they needed to, often accidentally bypassing targets even when a trail led directly to them. The proposed solution is to use gene alignment techniques to extract a participantýs primary trail from the overall, polluted trail, and graphically emphasize the primary trail to aid navigation.