A loose and sketchy approach in a mediated reality environment
GRAPHITE '05 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques in Australasia and South East Asia
Artistic reality: fast brush stroke stylization for augmented reality
Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
A Mediated Reality Environment Using a Loose and Sketchy Rendering Technique
ISMAR '05 Proceedings of the 4th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
Reality Tooning: Fast Non-Photorealism for Augmented Video Streams
ISMAR '05 Proceedings of the 4th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Papers
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Emerging technologies
Proceedings of the 5th international symposium on Non-photorealistic animation and rendering
Seamless tangible interaction through selective stylization
ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 sketches
Augmented reality based on estimation of defocusing and motion blurring from captured images
ISMAR '06 Proceedings of the 5th IEEE and ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
Filtering video volumes using the graphics hardware
SCIA'07 Proceedings of the 15th Scandinavian conference on Image analysis
Selective stylization for visually uniform tangible AR
EGVE'08 Proceedings of the 14th Eurographics conference on Virtual Environments
Reality filtering: a visual time machine in augmented reality
VAST'08 Proceedings of the 9th International conference on Virtual Reality, Archaeology and Cultural Heritage
Measuring the discernability of virtual objects in conventional and stylized augmented reality
EGVE'06 Proceedings of the 12th Eurographics conference on Virtual Environments
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The ultimate goal of augmented reality is to provide the user with a view of the surroundings enriched by virtual objects. Practically all augmented reality systems rely on standard real-time rendering methods for generating the images of virtual scene elements. Although such conventional computer graphics algorithms are fast, they often fail to produce sufficiently realistic renderings. The use of simple lighting and shading methods, as well as the lack of knowledge about actual lighting conditions in the real surroundings, cause virtual objects to appear artificial. In this paper, we propose an entirely novel approach for generating augmented reality images in video see-through systems. Our method is based on the idea of applying stylization techniques for reducing the visual realism of both the camera image and the virtual graphical objects. A special painterly image filter is applied to the camera video stream. The virtual scene elements are generated using a non-photorealistic rendering method. Since both the camera image and the virtual objects are stylized in a corresponding "cartoon-like" or "sketch-like" way, they appear very similar. As a result, the graphical objects seem to be an actual part of the real surroundings. We describe both the new painterly filter for the camera image and the non-photorealistic rendering method for virtual scene elements, which has been adapted for this purpose. Both are fast enough for generating augmented reality images in real-time and are highly customizable. The results obtained using our method are very promising and show that it improves immersion in augmented reality.