The use of eye movements in human-computer interaction techniques: what you look at is what you get
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS) - Special issue on computer—human interaction
Interacting with eye movements in virtual environments
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Evaluation of eye gaze interaction
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Twenty years of eye typing: systems and design issues
ETRA '02 Proceedings of the 2002 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications
Detecting Eye Position and Gaze from a Single Camera and 2 Light Sources
ICPR '02 Proceedings of the 16 th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR'02) Volume 4 - Volume 4
Building a lightweight eyetracking headgear
Proceedings of the 2004 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications
A feasibility test for perceptually adaptive level of detail rendering on desktop systems
APGV '04 Proceedings of the 1st Symposium on Applied perception in graphics and visualization
Eyedraw: a system for drawing pictures with eye movements
Assets '04 Proceedings of the 6th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Computer Vision and Image Understanding - Special issue on eye detection and tracking
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Workshops - Volume 03
Gazecoppet: hierarchical gaze-communication in ambient space
ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 posters
Limbus/pupil switching for wearable eye tracking under variable lighting conditions
Proceedings of the 2008 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications
A head-mounted sensor-based eye tracking device: eye touch system
Proceedings of the 2008 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications
EyeSecret: an inexpensive but high performance auto-calibration eye tracker
Proceedings of the 2008 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications
Noise tolerant selection by gaze-controlled pan and zoom in 3D
Proceedings of the 2008 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications
As go the feet...: on the estimation of attentional focus from stance
ICMI '08 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
Two competitive solutions to the problem of remote eye-tracking
HSI'09 Proceedings of the 2nd conference on Human System Interactions
An open source eye-gaze interface: expanding the adoption of eye-gaze in everyday applications
Proceedings of the 2010 Symposium on Eye-Tracking Research & Applications
Proceedings of the 2010 Symposium on Eye-Tracking Research & Applications
Estimating 3D point-of-regard and visualizing gaze trajectories under natural head movements
Proceedings of the 2010 Symposium on Eye-Tracking Research & Applications
Match-moving for area-based analysis of eye movements in natural tasks
Proceedings of the 2010 Symposium on Eye-Tracking Research & Applications
Interacting with the computer using gaze gestures
INTERACT'07 Proceedings of the 11th IFIP TC 13 international conference on Human-computer interaction - Volume Part II
Aided eyes: eye activity sensing for daily life
Proceedings of the 1st Augmented Human International Conference
Eyes and cameras calibration for 3D world gaze detection
ICVS'08 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Computer vision systems
EyePhone: activating mobile phones with your eyes
Proceedings of the second ACM SIGCOMM workshop on Networking, systems, and applications on mobile handhelds
Evaluation of a remote webcam-based eye tracker
Proceedings of the 1st Conference on Novel Gaze-Controlled Applications
An open-source low-cost eye-tracking system for portable real-time and offline tracking
Proceedings of the 1st Conference on Novel Gaze-Controlled Applications
Gliding and saccadic gaze gesture recognition in real time
ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems (TiiS)
Iterative directional ray-based iris segmentation for challenging periocular images
CCBR'11 Proceedings of the 6th Chinese conference on Biometric recognition
The effect of clicking by smiling on the accuracy of head-mounted gaze tracking
Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications
Do-It-yourself eye tracker: low-cost pupil-based eye tracker for computer graphics applications
MMM'12 Proceedings of the 18th international conference on Advances in Multimedia Modeling
Multi-modal interfaces for control of assistive robotic devices
Proceedings of the 14th ACM international conference on Multimodal interaction
Proceedings of the 7th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Making Sense Through Design
Multi-modal object of interest detection using eye gaze and RGB-D cameras
Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Eye Gaze in Intelligent Human Machine Interaction
Low-cost head position tracking for gaze point estimation
Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments
Journal of Real-Time Image Processing
Development of an eye-tracking control system using AForge.NET framework
International Journal of Intelligent Systems Technologies and Applications
Automatic and continuous user task analysis via eye activity
Proceedings of the 2013 international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Evaluating an eye tracking interface for a two-dimensional sketch editor
Computer-Aided Design
InEar BioFeedController: a headset for hands-free and eyes-free interaction with mobile devices
CHI '13 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
OMG!: a new robust, wearable and affordable open source mobile gaze tracker
Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services
A development and evaluation platform for non-tactile power wheelchair controls
Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments
Saccade deviation indicators for automated eye tracking analysis
Proceedings of the 2013 Conference on Eye Tracking South Africa
Text entry by gazing and smiling
Advances in Human-Computer Interaction
Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications
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Eye tracking has long held the promise of being a useful methodology for human computer interaction. However, a number of barriers have stood in the way of the integration of eye tracking into everyday applications, including the intrusiveness, robustness, availability, and price of eye-tracking systems. To lower these barriers, we have developed the openEyes system. The system consists of an open-hardware design for a digital eye tracker that can be built from low-cost off-the-shelf components, and a set of open-source software tools for digital image capture, manipulation, and analysis in eye-tracking applications. We expect that the availability of this system will facilitate the development of eye-tracking applications and the eventual integration of eye tracking into the next generation of everyday human computer interfaces. We discuss the methods and technical challenges of low-cost eye tracking as well as the design decisions that produced our current system.