Designing for usability: key principles and what designers think
Communications of the ACM
CHI '86 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A survey of three dialogue models
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
A specification language for direct-manipulation user interfaces
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - Special issue on user interface software
MIKE: the menu interaction kontrol environment
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - Special issue on user interface software
A knowledge-based user interface management system
CHI '88 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Task-oriented representation of asynchronous user interfaces
CHI '89 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Toward empirically derived methodologies and tools for human-computer interface development
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies
Specifying complex dialogs in ALGAE
CHI '87 Proceedings of the SIGCHI/GI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems and Graphics Interface
Event-response systems: a technique for specifying multi-threaded dialogues
CHI '87 Proceedings of the SIGCHI/GI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems and Graphics Interface
Creating dynamic interaction techniques by demonstration
CHI '87 Proceedings of the SIGCHI/GI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems and Graphics Interface
Squeak: a language for communicating with mice
SIGGRAPH '85 Proceedings of the 12th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
The University of Alberta user interface management system
SIGGRAPH '85 Proceedings of the 12th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
The keystroke-level model for user performance time with interactive systems
Communications of the ACM
The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction
The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction
SYNGRAPH: A graphical user interface generator
SIGGRAPH '83 Proceedings of the 10th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Notational Techniques for Accommodating User Intention Shifts
Notational Techniques for Accommodating User Intention Shifts
Development and evaluation of a taxonomical model of behavioral representation techniques
CHI '94 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Automatic generation of task-oriented help
Proceedings of the 8th annual ACM symposium on User interface and software technology
Using the multi-layer model for building interactive graphical applications
Proceedings of the 9th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Viewpoints supporting the development of interactive software
ISAW '96 Joint proceedings of the second international software architecture workshop (ISAW-2) and international workshop on multiple perspectives in software development (Viewpoints '96) on SIGSOFT '96 workshops
Designing user-adapted interfaces: the unified design method for transformable interactions
DIS '97 Proceedings of the 2nd conference on Designing interactive systems: processes, practices, methods, and techniques
The Vista environment for the coevolutionary design of user interfaces
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Linking between multiple points in design documents
CHI 98 Cconference Summary on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Extending HCI in the computer science curriculum
ACSE '98 Proceedings of the 3rd Australasian conference on Computer science education
Sharing Multimedia Data Over a Client-Server Network
IEEE MultiMedia
Layout Appropriateness: A Metric for Evaluating User Interface Widget Layout
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Multimodal Interface Techniques in Content-Based Multimedia Retrieval
ICMI '00 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Advances in Multimodal Interfaces
Abstract User Interfaces: A Model and Notation to Support Plasticity in Interactive Systems
DSV-IS '01 Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Interactive Systems: Design, Specification, and Verification-Revised Papers
A Method for Operator Error Detection Based on Plan Recognition
SAFECOMP '99 Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Computer Computer Safety, Reliability and Security
A Task Oriented Approach to Delivery in Mobile Environments
MDM '03 Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Mobile Data Management
Unified user interface development
The human-computer interaction handbook
Towards A Task-Based Methodology For Designing GUIs
SEEP '96 Proceedings of the 1996 International Conference on Software Engineering: Education and Practice (SE:EP '96)
User interface design with matrix algebra
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Supporting the cognitive process of user interface design with reusable design cases
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
IDEAL: a tool to enable user-centered design
CHI '92 Posters and Short Talks of the 1992 SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Mixed reality: a model of mixed interaction
Proceedings of the working conference on Advanced visual interfaces
Combining test case generation for component and integration testing
Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop on Advances in model-based testing
Exploratory sequential data analysis: foundations
Human-Computer Interaction
Temporal aspects of tasks in the user action notation
Human-Computer Interaction
Timetrees: a branching-time structure for modeling activity and state in human-computer interaction
Human-Computer Interaction
A framework for attaching personal assistants to existing applications
Computer Languages, Systems and Structures
Augmented Interactions: A Framework for Adding Expressive Power to GUI Widgets
INTERACT '09 Proceedings of the 12th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Part I
TAMODIA'06 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Task models and diagrams for users interface design
Model based user interface development with HCI patterns: variatio delectat
Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Pattern-Driven Engineering of Interactive Computing Systems
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Computational & Mathematical Organization Theory
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Many existing interface representation techniques, especially those associated with UIMS, are constructional and focused on interface implementation, and therefore do not adequately support a user-centered focus. But it is in the behavioral domain of the user that interface designers and evaluators do their work. We are seeking to complement constructional methods by providing a tool-supported technique capable of specifying the behavioral aspects of an interactive system–the tasks and the actions a user performs to accomplish those tasks. In particular, this paper is a practical introduction to use of the User Action Notation (UAN), a task- and user-oriented notation for behavioral representation of asynchronous, direct manipulation interface designs. Interfaces are specified in UAN as a quasihierarchy of asynchronous tasks. At the lower levels, user actions are associated with feedback and system state changes. The notation makes use of visually onomatopoeic symbols and is simple enough to read with little instruction. UAN is being used by growing numbers of interface developers and researchers. In addition to its design role, current research is investigating how UAN can support production and maintenance of code and documentation.