Smalltalk-80: the language and its implementation
Smalltalk-80: the language and its implementation
Extending State Transition Diagrams for the Specification of Human-Computer Interaction
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering - Annals of discrete mathematics, 24
Fundamentals of interactive computer graphics
Fundamentals of interactive computer graphics
Creating highly-interactive and graphical user interfaces by demonstration
SIGGRAPH '86 Proceedings of the 13th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
An object-oriented user interface management system
SIGGRAPH '86 Proceedings of the 13th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
CHI '85 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
There's more to menu systems than meets the screen
SIGGRAPH '85 Proceedings of the 12th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Squeak: a language for communicating with mice
SIGGRAPH '85 Proceedings of the 12th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
The University of Alberta user interface management system
SIGGRAPH '85 Proceedings of the 12th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Using formal specifications in the design of a human-computer interface
Communications of the ACM
Communicating sequential processes
Communications of the ACM
Towards a comprehensive user interface management system
SIGGRAPH '83 Proceedings of the 10th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
SYNGRAPH: A graphical user interface generator
SIGGRAPH '83 Proceedings of the 10th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
A user interface management system
SIGGRAPH '82 Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
The device model of interaction
SIGGRAPH '82 Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Executable specifications for a human-computer interface
CHI '83 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A generalized transition network representation for interactive systems
CHI '83 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Toward the design and development of style-independent interactive systems
CHI '82 Proceedings of the 1982 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
ACM '69 Proceedings of the 1969 24th national conference
Formal methods and human factors in the design of interactive languages
Formal methods and human factors in the design of interactive languages
The use of quick prototypes in the secure military message systems project
Proceedings of the workshop on Rapid prototyping
Lisp machine manual
History, state and future of user interface management systems
ACM SIGCHI Bulletin
A grammar-based approach to automatic generation of user-interface dialogues
CHI '88 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Extensions to C for interface programming
UIST '88 Proceedings of the 1st annual ACM SIGGRAPH symposium on User Interface Software
Building user interfaces by direct manipulation
UIST '88 Proceedings of the 1st annual ACM SIGGRAPH symposium on User Interface Software
Task-oriented representation of asynchronous user interfaces
CHI '89 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Encapsulating interactive behaviors
CHI '89 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Graphical specification of flexible user interface displays
UIST '89 Proceedings of the 2nd annual ACM SIGGRAPH symposium on User interface software and technology
UIST '89 Proceedings of the 2nd annual ACM SIGGRAPH symposium on User interface software and technology
Creating user interfaces using programming by example, visual programming, and constraints
ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS)
What you look at is what you get: eye movement-based interaction techniques
CHI '90 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Integrating gesture and snapping into a user interface toolkit
UIST '90 Proceedings of the 3rd annual ACM SIGGRAPH symposium on User interface software and technology
Druid: a system for demonstrational rapid user interface development
UIST '90 Proceedings of the 3rd annual ACM SIGGRAPH symposium on User interface software and technology
OOPSLA/ECOOP '90 Proceedings of the European conference on object-oriented programming on Object-oriented programming systems, languages, and applications
The UAN: a user-oriented representation for direct manipulation interface designs
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
Interactive specification of flexible user interface displays
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
A new model for handling input
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
Invariant properties in a dialog system
Conference proceedings on Formal methods in software development
Automating the lexical and syntactic design of graphical user interfaces: the UofA* UIMS
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Applications: a dimension space for user interface management systems
CHI '91 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Dialogue structures for virtual worlds
CHI '91 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Graphical toolkit approach to user interaction description
CHI '91 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Smoothly integrating rule-based techniques into a direct manipulation interface builder
UIST '91 Proceedings of the 4th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
The use of eye movements in human-computer interaction techniques: what you look at is what you get
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS) - Special issue on computer—human interaction
Designing database interfaces with DBface
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
Probabilistic state machines: dialog management for inputs with uncertainty
UIST '92 Proceedings of the 5th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Interactive simulation in a multi-person virtual world
CHI '92 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
CHI '92 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
I3D '92 Proceedings of the 1992 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Generating user interfaces from data models and dialogue net specifications
CHI '93 Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Specification of interface interaction objects
CHI '94 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
AVI '94 Proceedings of the workshop on Advanced visual interfaces
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Formalizing user interface requirements
CHI '93 INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems
CHI '93 INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Sage: creating reusable, modularized interactive behaviors by demonstration
CHI '94 Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A specification paradigm for design and implementation of non-WIMP user interfaces
CHI 98 Cconference Summary on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A software model and specification language for non-WIMP user interfaces
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Direct-manipulation user interface modeling with high-level Petri nets
CSC '91 Proceedings of the 19th annual conference on Computer Science
Past, present, and future of user interface software tools
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI) - Special issue on human-computer interaction in the new millennium, Part 1
User-Interface Tools: Introduction and Survey
IEEE Software
User-Interface Management Control and Communication
IEEE Software
Computer graphics companion
On the semantics of interactive visualizations
INFOVIS '96 Proceedings of the 1996 IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization (INFOVIS '96)
Finite-state multimodal integration and understanding
Natural Language Engineering
Encyclopedia of Computer Science
Temporal aspects of tasks in the user action notation
Human-Computer Interaction
Timetrees: a branching-time structure for modeling activity and state in human-computer interaction
Human-Computer Interaction
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
A specification paradigm for the design and implementation of tangible user interfaces
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Modelling Safe Interface Interactions in Web Applications
ER '09 Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling
User interface declarative models and development environments: a survey
DSV-IS'00 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Design, specification, and verification of interactive systems
COMM notation for specifying collaborative and multimodal interactive systems
Proceedings of the 2nd ACM SIGCHI symposium on Engineering interactive computing systems
Model driven development of user interface prototypes: an integrated approach
Proceedings of the Fourth European Conference on Software Architecture: Companion Volume
Complex components abstraction in graphical user interfaces
HCII'11 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Human-computer interaction: design and development approaches - Volume Part I
Symmetry for successful interactive systems
CHINZ '02 Proceedings of the SIGCHI-NZ Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction
A specification language and system for the three-dimensional visualisation of knowledge bases
DSVIS'05 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Interactive Systems: design, specification, and verification
Proton: multitouch gestures as regular expressions
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Dialogue graphs: a formal and visual specification technique for dialogue modelling
FAC-FA'96 Proceedings of the 1996 BCS-FACS conference on Formal Aspects of the Human Computer Interface
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A direct-manipulation user interface presents a set of visual representations on a display and a repertoire of manipulations that can be performed on any of them. Such representations might include screen buttons, scroll bars, spreadsheet cells, or flowchart boxes. Interaction techniques of this kind were first seen in interactive graphics systems; they are now proving effective in user interfaces for applications that are not inherently graphical. Although they are often easy to learn and use, these interfaces are also typically difficult to specify and program clearly.Examination of direct-manipulation interfaces reveals that they have a coroutine-like structure and, despite their surface appearance, a peculiar, highly moded dialogue. This paper introduces a specification technique for direct-manipulation interfaces based on these observations. In it, each locus of dialogue is described as a separate object with a single-thread state diagram, which can be suspended and resumed, but retains state. The objects are then combined to define the overall user interface as a set of coroutines, rather than inappropriately as a single highly regular state transition diagram. An inheritance mechanism for the interaction objects is provided to avoid repetitiveness in the specifications. A prototype implementation of a user-interface management system based on this approach is described, and example specifications are given.