The human factors of computer graphics interaction techniques
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
A multitasking switchboard approach to user interface management
SIGGRAPH '86 Proceedings of the 13th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
An object-oriented user interface management system
SIGGRAPH '86 Proceedings of the 13th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Visual programming, programming by example, and program visualization: a taxonomy
CHI '86 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
CHI '86 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Larger issues in user interface management
ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics
A specification language for direct-manipulation user interfaces
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) - Special issue on user interface software
ACM SIGCHI Bulletin
Classification of dialog techniques
ACM SIGCHI Bulletin
Creating user interfaces by demonstration
Creating user interfaces by demonstration
A cookbook for using the model-view controller user interface paradigm in Smalltalk-80
Journal of Object-Oriented Programming
A knowledge-based user interface management system
CHI '88 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A user interface toolkit based on graphical objects and constraints
OOPSLA '88 Conference proceedings on Object-oriented programming systems, languages and applications
UIST '88 Proceedings of the 1st annual ACM SIGGRAPH symposium on User Interface Software
Building user interfaces by direct manipulation
UIST '88 Proceedings of the 1st annual ACM SIGGRAPH symposium on User Interface Software
Encapsulating interactive behaviors
CHI '89 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Creating graphical interactive application objects by demonstration
UIST '89 Proceedings of the 2nd annual ACM SIGGRAPH symposium on User interface software and technology
Creating user interfaces using programming by example, visual programming, and constraints
ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS)
Automatic, look-and-feel independent dialog creation for graphical user interfaces
CHI '90 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The design space of input devices
CHI '90 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Squeak: a language for communicating with mice
SIGGRAPH '85 Proceedings of the 12th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Programming with MacApp
User Interface Management Systems
User Interface Management Systems
User-Interface Tools: Introduction and Survey
IEEE Software
Tablet-based valuators that provide one, two, or three degrees of freedom
SIGGRAPH '81 Proceedings of the 8th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Lexical and pragmatic considerations of input structures
ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics
Graphical techniques in a spreadsheet for specifying user interfaces
CHI '91 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
OOPSLA '92 conference proceedings on Object-oriented programming systems, languages, and applications
CHI '92 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
EmbeddedButtons: supporting buttons in documents
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS) - Special issue on user interface software and technology
A graphics toolkit based on differential constraints
UIST '93 Proceedings of the 6th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
A framework for shared applications with a replicated architecture
UIST '93 Proceedings of the 6th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Beyond interface builders: model-based interface tools
CHI '93 Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The Rendezvous architecture and language for constructing multiuser applications
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
AVI '94 Proceedings of the workshop on Advanced visual interfaces
Extending a graphical toolkit for two-handed interaction
UIST '94 Proceedings of the 7th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Interactive sketching for the early stages of user interface design
CHI '95 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
An empirical study of constraint usage in graphical applications
Proceedings of the 9th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Reusable hierarchical command objects
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The garnet user interface development environment
CHI '94 Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Hierarchical events in graphical user interfaces
CHI '94 Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Extending an existing user interface toolkit to support gesture recognition
CHI '93 INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The garnet user interface development environment
CHI '94 Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The Amulet Environment: New Models for Effective User Interface Software Development
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Systematic output modification in a 2D user interface toolkit
Proceedings of the 10th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Designing user-adapted interfaces: the unified design method for transformable interactions
DIS '97 Proceedings of the 2nd conference on Designing interactive systems: processes, practices, methods, and techniques
Crossroads - Special issue on human computer interaction
Using metalevel techniques in a flexible toolkit for CSCW applications
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
The context toolkit: aiding the development of context-enabled applications
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A tool for creating predictive performance models from user interface demonstrations
Proceedings of the 12th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Instrumental interaction: an interaction model for designing post-WIMP user interfaces
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A programming model for active documents
UIST '00 Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
The architecture and implementation of CPN2000, a post-WIMP graphical application
UIST '00 Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Cross-modal interaction using XWeb
UIST '00 Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Lessons learned about one-way, dataflow constraints in the Garnet and Amulet graphical toolkits
ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS)
iStuff: a physical user interface toolkit for ubiquitous computing environments
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Abstract User Interfaces: A Model and Notation to Support Plasticity in Interactive Systems
DSV-IS '01 Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Interactive Systems: Design, Specification, and Verification-Revised Papers
Programmer I'interaction avec des machines à états hiérarchiques
IHM '02 Proceedings of the 14th French-speaking conference on Human-computer interaction (Conférence Francophone sur l'Interaction Homme-Machine)
Papier-Mache: toolkit support for tangible input
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The Input Configurator toolkit: towards high input adaptability in interactive applications
Proceedings of the working conference on Advanced visual interfaces
The TAC paradigm: specifying tangible user interfaces
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
Support for input adaptability in the ICON toolkit
Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
The MaggLite post-WIMP toolkit: draw it, connect it and run it
Proceedings of the 17th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Extensible input handling in the subArctic toolkit
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
prefuse: a toolkit for interactive information visualization
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Ubiquitous service access through adapted user interfaces on multiple devices
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
The Amulet user interface development environment
CHI EA '97 CHI '97 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
SwingStates: adding state machines to the swing toolkit
UIST '06 Proceedings of the 19th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
The Tycho slate: complex drawing and editing in Tcl/Tk
TCLTK'98 Proceedings of the 6th conference on Annual Tcl/Tk Workshop, 1998 - Volume 6
The Tycho user interface system
TCLTK'97 Proceedings of the 5th conference on Annual Tcl/Tk Workshop 1997 - Volume 5
SwingStates: adding state machines to Java and the Swing toolkit
Software—Practice & Experience
Malai: un modèle conceptuel d'interaction pour les systèmes interactifs
Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Association Francophone d'Interaction Homme-Machine
Typestate-oriented programming
Proceedings of the 24th ACM SIGPLAN conference companion on Object oriented programming systems languages and applications
Universal remote console - prototyping for the alternate interface access standard
ERCIM'02 Proceedings of the User interfaces for all 7th international conference on Universal access: theoretical perspectives, practice, and experience
Improving modularity and usability of interactive systems with Malai
Proceedings of the 2nd ACM SIGCHI symposium on Engineering interactive computing systems
Activate your GAIM: a toolkit for input in active games
Futureplay '10 Proceedings of the International Academic Conference on the Future of Game Design and Technology
Complex components abstraction in graphical user interfaces
HCII'11 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Human-computer interaction: design and development approaches - Volume Part I
Using interaction style to match the ubiquitous user interface to the device-to-hand
EHCI-DSVIS'04 Proceedings of the 2004 international conference on Engineering Human Computer Interaction and Interactive Systems
Proton: multitouch gestures as regular expressions
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Specifying and running rich graphical components with Loa
Proceedings of the 4th ACM SIGCHI symposium on Engineering interactive computing systems
Binding orthogonal views for user interface design
Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on View-Based, Aspect-Oriented and Orthographic Software Modelling
Exploring modeling language for multi-touch systems using petri nets
Proceedings of the 2013 ACM international conference on Interactive tabletops and surfaces
User interfaces for smart things -- A generative approach with semantic interaction descriptions
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
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Although there has been important progress in models and packages for the output of graphics to computer screens, there has been little change in the way that input from the mouse, keyboard, and other input devices is handled. New graphics standards are still using a fifteen-year-old model even though it is widely accepted as inadequate, and most modern window managers simply return a stream of low-level, device-dependent input events. This paper presents a new model that handles input devices for highly interactive, direct manipulation, graphical user interfaces, which could be used in future toolkits, window managers, and graphics standards. This model encapsulates interactive behaviors into a few “Interactor” object types. Application programs can then create instances of these Interactor objects which hide the details of the underlying window manager events. In addition, Interactors allow a clean separation between the input handling, the graphics, and the application programs. This model has been extensively used as part of the Garnet system and has proven to be convenient, efficient, and easy to learn.