A practical approach to calculating luminance contrast on a CRT
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
An experimental evaluation of transparent menu usage
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Making augmented reality work outdoors requires hybrid tracking
IWAR '98 Proceedings of the international workshop on Augmented reality : placing artificial objects in real scenes: placing artificial objects in real scenes
ARQuake: the outdoor augmented reality gaming system
Communications of the ACM - Internet abuse in the workplace and Game engines in scientific research
Introduction to Computer Graphics
Introduction to Computer Graphics
Digital Image Processing
Proceedings of the 2001 conference on Virtual reality, archeology, and cultural heritage
First Person Indoor/Outdoor Augmented Reality Application: ARQuake
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments - special issue: IEEE virtual reality 2002 conference
A Motion-Stabilized Outdoor Augmented Reality System
VR '99 Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality
ISWC '97 Proceedings of the 1st IEEE International Symposium on Wearable Computers
Resolving Multiple Occluded Layers in Augmented Reality
ISMAR '03 Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
A Cost-Effective Usability Evaluation Progression for Novel Interactive Systems
HICSS '04 Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'04) - Track 9 - Volume 9
VR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Conference 2005 on Virtual Reality
ISMAR '08 Proceedings of the 7th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
Integrating Text with Video and 3D Graphics: The Effects of Text Drawing Styles on Text Readability
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Exploring head-up augmented reality interfaces for crash warning systems
Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
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A challenge in presenting augmenting information in outdoor augmented reality (AR) settings lies in the broad range of uncontrollable environmental conditions that may be present, specifically large-scale fluctuations in natural lighting and wide variations in likely backgrounds or objects in the scene. In this paper, we motivate the need for research on the effects of text drawing styles, outdoor background textures, and natural lighting on user performance in outdoor AR. We present a pilot study and a follow-on user-based study that examined the effects on user performance of outdoor background textures, changing outdoor illuminance values, and text drawing styles in a text identification task using an optical, see-through AP, system. We report significant effects for all these variables, and discuss user interface design guidelines and ideas for future work.