A new heuristic for the multi-depot vehicle routing problem that improves upon best-known solutions
American Journal of Mathematical and Management Sciences - Special issue: vehicle routing 2000: advances in time windows, optimality, fast bounds, & multi-depot routing
A tabu search heuristic for the multi-depot vehicle routing problem
Computers and Operations Research
Record breaking optimization results using the ruin and recreate principle
Journal of Computational Physics
Classical heuristics for the capacitated VRP
The vehicle routing problem
Metaheuristics for the capacitated VRP
The vehicle routing problem
The vehicle routing problem
The vehicle routing problem
2-Path Cuts for the Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows
Transportation Science
A survey of very large-scale neighborhood search techniques
Discrete Applied Mathematics
Automated rip-up and reroute techniques
DAC '82 Proceedings of the 19th Design Automation Conference
The Granular Tabu Search and Its Application to the Vehicle-Routing Problem
INFORMS Journal on Computing
A Reactive Variable Neighborhood Search for the Vehicle-Routing Problem with Time Windows
INFORMS Journal on Computing
D-Ants: savings based ants divide and conquer the vehicle routing problem
Computers and Operations Research
A new branch-and-cut algorithm for the capacitated vehicle routing problem
Mathematical Programming: Series A and B
Scheduling Transportation of Live Animals to Avoid the Spread of Diseases
Transportation Science
Very large-scale vehicle routing: new test problems, algorithms, and results
Computers and Operations Research
A cooperative parallel meta-heuristic for the vehicle routing problem with time windows
Computers and Operations Research
Upper bounds and exact algorithms for p-dispersion problems
Computers and Operations Research
Active guided evolution strategies for large-scale vehicle routing problems with time windows
Computers and Operations Research
A Two-Stage Hybrid Local Search for the Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows
Transportation Science
Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows, Part II: Metaheuristics
Transportation Science
Active-guided evolution strategies for large-scale capacitated vehicle routing problems
Computers and Operations Research
Integrating multi-product production and distribution in newspaper logistics
Computers and Operations Research
International Journal of Computer Applications in Technology
Proceedings of the 11th Annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Analyzing the landscape of a graph based hyper-heuristic for timetabling problems
Proceedings of the 11th Annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Personalized web content provider recommendation through mining individual users' QoS
Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Electronic Commerce
An optimization approach for communal home meal delivery service: A case study
Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics
A hybrid evolution strategy for the open vehicle routing problem
Computers and Operations Research
Decomposition, reformulation, and diving in university course timetabling
Computers and Operations Research
The SR-GCWS hybrid algorithm for solving the capacitated vehicle routing problem
Applied Soft Computing
An open vehicle routing problem metaheuristic for examining wide solution neighborhoods
Computers and Operations Research
A penalty-based edge assembly memetic algorithm for the vehicle routing problem with time windows
Computers and Operations Research
Fuel-cache site-selection for polar research: a summary of results
Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Computational Transportation Science
Iterated variable neighborhood descent algorithm for the capacitated vehicle routing problem
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
A hybrid genetic - Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for the vehicle routing problem
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Arc-guided evolutionary algorithm for the vehicle routing problem with time windows
IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
Fifty Years of Vehicle Routing
Transportation Science
The open vehicle routing problem with fuzzy demands
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
A hybrid algorithm for the vehicle routing problem
CEC'09 Proceedings of the Eleventh conference on Congress on Evolutionary Computation
The dynamic multi-period vehicle routing problem
Computers and Operations Research
A scatter search algorithm for solving vehicle routing problem with loading cost
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Efficient management of transportation logistics related to animal disease outbreaks
Computers and Electronics in Agriculture
Combining Exact and Heuristic Approaches for the Capacitated Fixed-Charge Network Flow Problem
INFORMS Journal on Computing
Efficient local search limitation strategies for vehicle routing problems
EvoCOP'08 Proceedings of the 8th European conference on Evolutionary computation in combinatorial optimization
EvoCOP'08 Proceedings of the 8th European conference on Evolutionary computation in combinatorial optimization
Review: Industrial aspects and literature survey: Fleet composition and routing
Computers and Operations Research
An ILP improvement procedure for the Open Vehicle Routing Problem
Computers and Operations Research
Computers and Operations Research
Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
Scheduling technicians and tasks in a telecommunications company
Journal of Scheduling
An improved multi-objective evolutionary algorithm for the vehicle routing problem with time windows
Computers and Operations Research
Bilevel model for production-distribution planning solved by using ant colony optimization
Computers and Operations Research
Efficient stochastic hybrid heuristics for the multi-depot vehicle routing problem
Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing
Multidimentional self-organization for online time-constrained vehicle routing problems
KES-AMSTA'10 Proceedings of the 4th KES international conference on Agent and multi-agent systems: technologies and applications, Part II
Integrating neural networks and logistic regression to underpin hyper-heuristic search
Knowledge-Based Systems
A self-adaptive local search algorithm for the classical vehicle routing problem
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
A hybrid GA-TS algorithm for open vehicle routing optimization of coal mines material
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
The capacitated vehicle routing problem with stochastic demands and time windows
Computers and Operations Research
A Parallel Algorithm for the Vehicle Routing Problem
INFORMS Journal on Computing
A honey bees mating optimization algorithm for the open vehicle routing problem
Proceedings of the 13th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Proceedings of the 13th annual conference companion on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Computers and Operations Research
A job grouping approach for planning container transfers at automated seaport container terminals
Advanced Engineering Informatics
Formulations and Branch-and-Cut Algorithms for the Generalized Vehicle Routing Problem
Transportation Science
A multi-valued discrete particle swarm optimization for the evacuation vehicle routing problem
ICSI'11 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Advances in swarm intelligence - Volume Part I
Restricted dynamic programming: A flexible framework for solving realistic VRPs
Computers and Operations Research
Computers and Industrial Engineering
Localized genetic algorithm for vehicle routing problem with time windows
Applied Soft Computing
Solving variants of the vehicle routing problem with a simple parallel iterated Tabu search
INOC'11 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Network optimization
A cross entropy multiagent learning algorithm for solving vehicle routing problems with time windows
ICCL'11 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Computational logistics
The pickup and delivery problem with cross-docking opportunity
ICCL'11 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Computational logistics
Genetic algorithm and large neighbourhood search to solve the cell formation problem
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
New Route Relaxation and Pricing Strategies for the Vehicle Routing Problem
Operations Research
A genetic algorithm for the simultaneous delivery and pickup problems with time window
Computers and Industrial Engineering
A parallel iterated tabu search heuristic for vehicle routing problems
Computers and Operations Research
A study on the effect of the asymmetry on real capacitated vehicle routing problems
Computers and Operations Research
Computers and Operations Research
New best solutions to VRPSPD benchmark problems by a perturbation based algorithm
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Multiple Phase Neighborhood Search-GRASP for the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
Improved packing and routing of vehicles with compartments
EUROCAST'11 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Computer Aided Systems Theory - Volume Part I
The inventory-routing problem with transshipment
Computers and Operations Research
On the impact of real-time information on field service scheduling
Decision Support Systems
HyFlex: a benchmark framework for cross-domain heuristic search
EvoCOP'12 Proceedings of the 12th European conference on Evolutionary Computation in Combinatorial Optimization
A way to optimally solve a time-dependent Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows
Operations Research Letters
A powerful route minimization heuristic for the vehicle routing problem with time windows
Operations Research Letters
A Hybrid Genetic Algorithm for Multidepot and Periodic Vehicle Routing Problems
Operations Research
Simple temporal problems in route scheduling for the dial---a---ride problem with transfers
CPAIOR'12 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Integration of AI and OR Techniques in Constraint Programming for Combinatorial Optimization Problems
Fleet organization models for online vehicle routing problems
Transactions on Computational Collective Intelligence VII
Computers and Operations Research
Truck and trailer routing-Problems, heuristics and computational experience
Computers and Operations Research
A Parallel Algorithm for the Vehicle Routing Problem
INFORMS Journal on Computing
Efficient local search on the GPU-Investigations on the vehicle routing problem
Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing
Packing first, routing second-a heuristic for the vehicle routing and loading problem
Computers and Operations Research
A hybrid particle swarm optimization algorithm for the open vehicle routing problem
ANTS'12 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Swarm Intelligence
A Branch-and-Cut Algorithm for the Symmetric Two-Echelon Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem
Transportation Science
Long-Haul Vehicle Routing and Scheduling with Working Hour Rules
Transportation Science
An augmented large neighborhood search method for solving the team orienteering problem
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
A branch-and-price guided search approach to maritime inventory routing
Computers and Operations Research
Generation of VNS components with grammatical evolution for vehicle routing
EuroGP'13 Proceedings of the 16th European conference on Genetic Programming
EvoCOP'13 Proceedings of the 13th European conference on Evolutionary Computation in Combinatorial Optimization
A runtime analysis of simple hyper-heuristics: to mix or not to mix operators
Proceedings of the twelfth workshop on Foundations of genetic algorithms XII
The synchronized arc and node routing problem: Application to road marking
Computers and Operations Research
HH-evolver: a system for domain-specific, hyper-heuristic evolution
Proceedings of the 15th annual conference companion on Genetic and evolutionary computation
A hybrid metaheuristic approach for the rollon-rolloff vehicle routing problem
Computers and Operations Research
Lifted and Local Reachability Cuts for the Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows
Computers and Operations Research
The consultation timetabling problem at Danish high schools
Journal of Heuristics
An Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search for the Pickup and Delivery Problem with Transfers
Transportation Science
Adaptive Path Relinking for Vehicle Routing and Scheduling Problems with Product Returns
Transportation Science
Bi-Objective Bus Routing: An Application to School Buses in Rural Areas
Transportation Science
Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
An ant colony algorithm for the multi-compartment vehicle routing problem
Applied Soft Computing
Contrasting meta-learning and hyper-heuristic research: the role of evolutionary algorithms
Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines
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We present a unified heuristic which is able to solve five different variants of the vehicle routing problem: the vehicle routing problem with time windows (VRPTW), the capacitated vehicle routing problem (CVRP), the multi-depot vehicle routing problem (MDVRP), the site-dependent vehicle routing problem (SDVRP) and the open vehicle routing problem (OVRP). All problem variants are transformed into a rich pickup and delivery model and solved using the adaptive large neighborhood search (ALNS) framework presented in Ropke and Pisinger [An adaptive large neighborhood search heuristic for the pickup and delivery problem with time windows. Transportation Science, to appear]. The ALNS framework is an extension of the large neighborhood search framework by Shaw [Using constraint programming and local search methods to solve vehicle routing problems. In: CP-98, Fourth international conference on principles and practice of constraint programming, Lecture notes in computer science, vol. 1520, 1998. p. 417-31] with an adaptive layer. This layer adaptively chooses among a number of insertion and removal heuristics to intensify and diversify the search. The presented approach has a number of advantages: it provides solutions of very high quality, the algorithm is robust, and to some extent self-calibrating. Moreover, the unified model allows the dispatcher to mix various variants of VRP problems for individual customers or vehicles. As we believe that the ALNS framework can be applied to a large number of tightly constrained optimization problems, a general description of the framework is given, and it is discussed how the various components can be designed in a particular setting. The paper is concluded with a computational study, in which the five different variants of the vehicle routing problem are considered on standard benchmark tests from the literature. The outcome of the tests is promising as the algorithm is able to improve 183 best known solutions out of 486 benchmark tests. The heuristic has also shown promising results for a large class of vehicle routing problems with backhauls as demonstrated in Ropke and Pisinger [A unified heuristic for a large class of vehicle routing problems with backhauls. European Journal of Operational Research, 2004, to appear].