Foundations of statistical natural language processing
Foundations of statistical natural language processing
Pattern Recognition in Speech and Language Processing
Pattern Recognition in Speech and Language Processing
Representation of american sign language for machine translation
Representation of american sign language for machine translation
Learning dependency translation models as collections of finite-state head transducers
Computational Linguistics - Special issue on finite-state methods in NLP
The mathematics of statistical machine translation: parameter estimation
Computational Linguistics - Special issue on using large corpora: II
Stochastic inversion transduction grammars and bilingual parsing of parallel corpora
Computational Linguistics
A syntax-based statistical translation model
ACL '01 Proceedings of the 39th Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
Statistical phrase-based translation
NAACL '03 Proceedings of the 2003 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics on Human Language Technology - Volume 1
A comparative study on reordering constraints in statistical machine translation
ACL '03 Proceedings of the 41st Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics - Volume 1
Improved statistical alignment models
ACL '00 Proceedings of the 38th Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
An Introduction to Language
Statistical machine translation by parsing
ACL '04 Proceedings of the 42nd Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics
IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing
Manual labour: tackling machine translation for sign languages
Machine Translation
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This article presents a transfer-based statistical model for Chinese to Taiwanese sign-language (TSL) translation. Two sets of probabilistic context-free grammars (PCFGs) are derived from a Chinese Treebank and a bilingual parallel corpus. In this approach, a three-stage translation model is proposed. First, the input Chinese sentence is parsed into possible phrase structure trees (PSTs) based on the Chinese PCFGs. Second, the Chinese PSTs are then transferred into TSL PSTs according to the transfer probabilities between the context-free grammar (CFG) rules of Chinese and TSL derived from the bilingual parallel corpus. Finally, the TSL PSTs are used to generate the possible translation results. The Viterbi algorithm is adopted to obtain the best translation result via the three-stage translation. For evaluation, three objective evaluation metrics including AER, Top-N, and BLUE and one subjective evaluation metric using MOS were used. Experimental results show that the proposed approach outperforms the IBM Model 3 in the task of Chinese to sign-language translation.